A transparent conductive film includes a metal chalcogenide compound doped with a halogen and having a sheet resistance at room temperature of less than or equal to about 60 ohm/sq.

A pixel includes at least one organic light-emitting component including a first hole injection layer; and at least one organic photodetector, including a second hole injection layer. The first and second hole injection layers are made of a same material.

An electronic device includes: a base layer; a display element layer on the base layer; and a reflection control layer on the display element layer and comprising a dye, the display element layer comprising: a pixel definition layer having first, second, and third openings formed therethrough; a first light emitting element corresponding to the first opening and emitting a first light; a second light emitting element corresponding to the second opening and emitting a second light different from the first light; a light receiving element corresponding to the third opening; and an inorganic absorbing layer on the first and second light emitting elements, and wherein the reflection control layer overlaps the first light emitting element and the second light emitting element.

A semiconductor apparatus includes, a substrate having a main surface, an upper electrode disposed above the substrate, a first lower electrode and a second lower electrode disposed between the substrate and the upper electrode, an isolation region disposed between the first lower electrode and the second lower electrode, a functional layer configured to perform light emission or photoelectric conversion, and an interface layer disposed at least on the first lower electrode. The semiconductor apparatus further includes a first insulator portion that is disposed between the first lower electrode and the second lower electrode and includes a first portion disposed at a position farther away from the main surface than an upper surface of the interface layer.

An electronic device capable of detecting a difference in the way of touch is provided. An electronic device capable of detecting a difference in the way of touch with a small number of components is provided. An electronic device capable of executing various types of processes with simple operation is provided. The electronic device includes a control portion and a display portion. The display portion has a function of displaying an image on a screen and includes a detection portion. The detection portion has a function of detecting a touch operation and a function of imaging, at least twice, a detection object touching the screen. The control portion has a function of calculating a difference between the area of the detection object in first imaging and the area of the detection object in second imaging to execute a different process depending on whether the difference is larger or smaller than a reference.

A light-receiving device in which an increase in driving voltage is inhibited is provided. Any of the following light-receiving devices is provided: a light-receiving device that includes a light-receiving layer between a pair of electrodes and in which the light-receiving layer includes an active layer, a buffer layer, and an electron-transport layer, the buffer layer is between the active layer and the electron-transport layer and is in contact with the active layer, and the buffer layer includes an organic compound having an electron-withdrawing group; a light-receiving device that includes a light-receiving layer between a pair of electrodes and in which the light-receiving layer includes an active layer, a buffer layer, and an electron-transport layer, the buffer layer is between the active layer and the electron-transport layer and is in contact with the active layer, and the buffer layer includes a heteroaromatic compound having an electron-withdrawing group.

A microfluidic device includes: first substrate, microfluidic channel layer, and second substrate; the first substrate includes light source layer including a plurality of light source structures, the light source structure includes first electrode, second electrode, and an electroluminescence module, and when being turned on, emits light passing through the microfluidic channel layer and irradiating the second substrate; the second substrate includes photoelectric detection layer including a plurality of photoelectric detection structures and driving electrode layer including a plurality of driving electrodes and a plurality of driving circuits, the photoelectric detection structure includes third electrode, fourth electrode, and photoelectric conversion module arranged therebetween, and when being turned on, generates an electrical signal according to an incident light signal; the driving circuit is configured to apply a voltage to each driving electrode such that a droplet moves in a microfluidic channel of the microfluidic channel layer.

A display device that has an image capturing function is provided. An image capturing device or a display device with high definition is provided. The display device includes first to fourth switches, a first transistor, a capacitor, and a light-emitting/receiving element. The first switch is connected to a gate of the first transistor. The second switch is connected to one of a source and a drain of the first transistor. An anode of the light-emitting/receiving element is connected to the other of the source and the drain of the first transistor through the third switch. The fourth switch is connected to the other of the source and the drain of the first transistor. One electrode of the capacitor is connected to the gate of the first transistor, and the other electrode of the capacitor is connected to the other of the source and the drain of the first transistor. The light-emitting/receiving element emits light of a first color, receives light of a second color, and converts the light into an electric signal.

A compound is represented by Chemical Formula 1.

##STR00001##

In Chemical Formula 1, G, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, X.sup.1, Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are each the same as in the specification.

A display device includes a substrate, and unit pixels provided in the substrate, and including sub-pixels each having a light-emitting element emitting light, and photo-sensing pixels each having a light-receiving element outputting a sensing signal corresponding to the light. Each of the sub-pixels may include an emission area emitting the light, and each of the photo-sensing pixels may include a light-receiving area receiving the light. The emission area and the light-receiving area may be provided in the substrate to be spaced apart from each other. Each of the emission area and the light-receiving area may have a shape of a quadrangular plane.