The present invention provides methods and compositions for inhibiting ovulation in a female subject, including a subject in need of contraceptives and a subject undergoing fertility treatments. The methods comprise administering to the female subject at least one prostaglandin transporter (PGT) inhibitor.

Methods for treatment of infections, such as nasal infections, sinus infections, ear infections, and/or lung infections, along with related compositions. In some implementations, a treatment method may comprise delivering a dose of the composition into a subject's nasal passage to treat the infection. The composition may comprise an antibiotic agent, such as ciprofloxacin. The composition may further comprise at least one non-hexose, sugar alcohol, such as xylitol. Preferably, the dose comprises a sub-clinical dose of the ciprofloxacin or other antibiotic agent.

Methods for treatment of infections, such as nasal infections, sinus infections, ear infections, and/or lung infections, along with related compositions. In some implementations, a treatment method may comprise delivering a dose of the composition into a subject's nasal passage to treat the infection. The composition may comprise an antibiotic agent, such as ciprofloxacin. The composition may further comprise at least one non-hexose, sugar alcohol, such as xylitol. Preferably, the dose comprises a sub-clinical dose of the ciprofloxacin or other antibiotic agent.

The instant invention provides for novel catiomc lipids that can be used in combination with other lipid components such as cholesterol and PEG-lipids to form lipid nanoparticles with oligonucleotides. It is an object of the instant invention to provide a cationic lipid scaffold that demonstrates enhanced efficacy along with lower liver toxicity as a result of lower lipid levels in the liver. The present invention employs low molecular weight cationic lipids with one short lipid chain to enhance the efficiency and tolerability of in vivo delivery of siRNA.

The present invention provides an acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor for use in the treatment of hepatitis B vims (HBV) infection in a subject.

The present invention relates to agents that modulate/regulate the activity of the protein TMEM230 for use in the therapeutic treatment of pathologies in which therapeutic regulation of angiogenesis is advisable or necessary.

A method of preventing dialysis shift or renal death includes administering to a primary glomerular disease or nephrosclerosis patient with a serum creatinine level of 2.0 mg/dl or more and less than 3.0 mg/dl a sustained-release preparation including, as an active ingredient, a compound represented by formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein R represents hydrogen or a pharmacologically acceptable cation, such that the compound represented by formula (I) is administered at 220 to 260 μg per day.

Provided are use of an Echovirus 25 (ECHO25) or a modified form thereof, or a nucleic acid molecule comprising a genomic sequence or cDNA sequence of the ECHO25 or a modified form thereof, or a complementary sequence of the genomic sequence or cDNA sequence, in treatment of a tumor in a subject, and in the manufacture of a medicament for treatment a tumor in a subject.

Provided are use of an Echovirus 25 (ECHO25) or a modified form thereof, or a nucleic acid molecule comprising a genomic sequence or cDNA sequence of the ECHO25 or a modified form thereof, or a complementary sequence of the genomic sequence or cDNA sequence, in treatment of a tumor in a subject, and in the manufacture of a medicament for treatment a tumor in a subject.

The present disclosure provides a compound that exerts an anticancer action based on CHK1 inhibition. The present disclosure was completed by finding that a compound represented by formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof exhibits an excellent antitumor action by having a potent inhibitory action against CHK1:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, L, V, W, and Q are as defined herein, X, Y, and Z each independently represent CR.sup.8 or a nitrogen atom, wherein X, Y, and Z are not simultaneously CR.sup.8, and R.sup.8 is as defined herein.