This invention relates to the field of therapeutics. Most specifically, the invention provides methods of generating conditionally expressing vectors for one or more immuunomodulators under the control of a gene expression modulation system in the presence of activating ligand and uses for therapeutic purposes in animals. These vector may be provided to treat a variety of disorders, e.g., neoplastic disorders, through direct injection or through in vitro engineered cells, such as dendritic cells.

Compounds of formula I are provided herein, as well as the use of these compounds for controlling invertebrate pests. Plant propagation material and agricultural and veterinary compositions including these compounds are also provided. Compounds for use as intermediate compounds in the preparation of the compounds of formula I are also described.

Azolobenzazine compounds of the formula I and N-oxides, stereoisomers, tautomers and agriculturally or veterinarily acceptable salts thereof are disclosed, as well as are methods for controlling invertebrate pests using the disclosed compounds. Further disclosed are plant propagation materials, agricultural compositions, and veterinary compositions that include the disclosed compounds.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to pesticidal mixtures comprising as active compounds 1) at least one isoaxazoline compound I of the formula (I)

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and A are defined in the description; and 2) at least one active compound II selected from a group A comprising acteylcholine esterase inhibitors, GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists, sodium channel modulators, nicotinic acteylcholine receptor agonists/antagonists, chloride channel activators, juvenile hormone mimics, compounds affecting the oxidative phosphorylation, inhibitors of the chitin biosynthesis, moulting disruptors, inhibitors of the MET, voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, inhibitors of the lipid synthesis and other compounds as defined in the description, in synergistically effective amounts.

The invention relates further to methods and use of these mixtures for combating insects, arachnids or nematodes in and on plants, and for protecting such plants being infested with pests, especially also for protecting plant propagation material as like seeds.

Substituted pyrimidinium compounds of the general formula (I) and their uses for combating animal pests

The present invention relates to substituted pyrimidinium compounds of formula (I), to the stereoisomers, salts, tautomers and N-oxides thereof and to compositions comprising such compounds. The invention also relates to methods and uses of these substituted pyrimidinium compounds and of compositions thereof, for combating and controlling animal pests. Furthermore the invention relates also to pesticidal methods of applying such substituted pyrimidinium compounds.

The substituted pyrimidinium compounds of the present invention are defined by the following general formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein X, Y, Z, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A and Het are defined as in the description.

The present invention provides a compound of formula I:

##STR00001##

a method for manufacturing the compounds of the invention, and its therapeutic uses. The present invention further provides a combination of pharmacologically active agents and a pharmaceutical composition.

Compounds of formula I, wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, and the agrochemically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, enantiomers, tautomers and N-oxides of those compounds, can be used as insecticides and can be prepared in a manner known per se.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to novel anthelmintic compounds of formula (IA) below:

##STR00001## wherein, Y is selected from the group consisting of —H, aryl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, alkyl, haloalkyl, and alkoxyalkyl; and Z is selected from the group consisting of aryl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, alkyl, haloalkyl, and alkoxyalkyl. Variables Ring A, Ring B, Ring C, X.sub.1, X.sub.6, and X.sub.8 are as defined herein. The invention also relates to parasiticidal compositions comprising the compounds, and methods and uses of the compounds for treating and preventing parasitic infections and infestations in animals.

Provided is a bipyridine compound that exhibits an excellent controlling effect against noxious arthropods. In particular, provided is a bipyridine compound of formula (I) or an N-oxide thereof in which the variable groups are as defined in the specification. Also provided are compositions containing the biypridine compound or an N-oxide thereof, and methods of using such compounds and compositions to control noxious arthropods.

##STR00001##

Processes for the preparation of phosphorylated heptose compounds are provided. Embodiments of the invention relate to the chemical synthesis of heptopyranose phosphate compounds. Also, embodiments of the invention relate to the use of compounds according to the invention in modulating an immune response in a subject.