An exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine, capable of carrying out oxidation removal of PM deposited in a filter as a whole in an efficient manner, includes a filter arranged in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine and having an oxidation catalyst supported in at least an upstream side portion thereof, and a heating device arranged so as to be able to heat the upstream side portion of the filter irrespective of oxidation reaction heat of the oxidation catalyst, wherein when filter upstream regeneration processing to oxidize and remove deposition PM in the upstream side portion of the filter is carried out by controlling a heating device, an amount of decrease of the upstream side deposition PM by the filter upstream regeneration processing is reflected on an amount of filter PM deposition in the ordinary filter regeneration processing which oxidizes and removes the deposition PM in the entire filter by means of oxidation reaction heat of unburnt fuel generated by the oxidation catalyst supported in the filter, and the filter upstream regeneration processing is ended, even if the thus reflected amount of filter PM deposition is in a state of being larger than a reference amount of deposition which is a threshold value for ending the ordinary filter regeneration processing.

An oil separator is provided. The oil separator includes a housing providing an oil separation space therein. An inlet introducing oil/gas mixture into the oil separation space is provided within an upper portion of the housing. An outlet discharging oil is provided within the lower portion of the housing. A gas discharge conduit is connected to the oil separation space. A portion of a surface exposed in the oil separation space is provided with a nanorod layer.

A method for analyzing the reliability of a measured volumetric flow rate of a fluid in a gas outlet line of a gas-liquid separator is provided. In one embodiment, analyzing the reliability of the measured volumetric flow rate includes measuring a gas volume fraction of the fluid in the gas outlet line, comparing the measured gas volume fraction of the fluid to a threshold gas volume fraction level, and determining whether the measured volumetric flow rate of the fluid is reliable based on the comparison. Additional systems, devices, and methods are also disclosed.

In one embodiment, a dust collecting apparatus includes a container configured to contain a fluid that includes particles to be collected. The apparatus further includes one or more sound sources configured to generate, in the container, a standing sound wave including at least one node to trap the particles in a vicinity of the node. The one or more sound sources are configured to generate the standing sound wave so that the node does not contact a wall face of the container or contacts a predetermined portion of the wall face of the container. The predetermined portion is formed of a member that prevents the particles from leaving from the node located in a vicinity of the predetermined portion.

Systems and methods are disclosed for removing nano-particulates from a gas. The systems may include a chamber to contain the particulate-containing gas, a source of the gas, a source of water vapor, a source of a supersonic gas, and at least one ultrasonic transducer in contact with the chamber. The chamber may also include one or more receptacles to receive the particulates. The methods may include introducing the particulate-containing gas and the water vapor into the chamber. A gas may be introduced into the chamber at supersonic speeds thereby cooling the water vapor to form nucleating ice crystals. The ultrasonic transducers may then introduce ultrasonic power into the chamber thereby causing the particulates to contact the ice crystals. The nucleating crystals, with their attached particulates, may then fall under gravity to be captured in the receptacles.

Apparatus and methods for selectively separating a volatile constituent of a particle from a gas stream for analysis. Particles are separated from bulk flow by inertia and impacted in a cavity containing a small but stable vortex or eddy. Heat is applied to volatilize constituents of the particles. The gas entrained within the vortex, which exchanges only slowly with the bulk flow, is withdrawn for analysis. In this way, a high volume flow containing particles of interest is reduced to a low volume flow containing a vapor concentrate. Advantageously, the apparatus may be operated at very low pressure drops in fully continuous, semi-continuous or batch mode according to the requirements of the downstream analytical unit. The apparatus finds use in active surveillance, such as in use of aerosols to detect explosives or chemical residues on persons, vehicles or luggage in real time.

The present disclosure provides a device for separating sub-micron particles in the air, comprising a first separation channel, a second separation channel and a collection device which are connected in sequence, wherein each of the first separation channel and the second separation channel is of a rectangle structure with two open ends, the height H.sub.1 of the first separation channel is greater than the height H.sub.2 of the second separation channel, and each separation channel is provided with a vibration sound source and an antimicrobial coating layer. Based on the agglomeration theory of suspended particles in the air by ultrasonic standing waves, the device can aggregate sub-micron suspended particles flowing into each channel of the device on the upper and lower wall surfaces and the centerline of the channel, and sterilize the aggregated particles, thereby effectively removing the sub-micron suspended particles in the air.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to perform fine particle agglomeration by outputting a low frequency sound wave and then remove fine particles, there is provided a method for fine particle agglomeration, the method including: an initial fine particle measuring step of generating fine particle measurement data including a pollution level of fine particles in a purification region and outputting the data to a sound source converting unit, by a fine particle measuring unit; a low frequency and sound pressure data extracting step of extracting a low frequency and sound pressure of a low frequency sound source stored in a storage to be used for agglomeration of fine particles, based on the fine particle measurement data, by the sound source converting unit; a sound source converting step of converting an output sound source into the low frequency sound source such that the low frequency sound source has the extracted low frequency and sound pressure data, by the sound source converting unit; and a fine particle agglomeration performing step of causing fine particles to agglomerate by receiving the low frequency sound source and outputting the low frequency sound source as a low frequency sound wave for agglomeration of fine particles, by a low frequency sound wave generating unit.

A particle control method configured prevent an extremely small quantity of particles descending on a stream of a laminar flow in a clean zone through which the laminar flow flows (as in a RABS or isolator device) from descending to a specific position or to guide the particles so as to have them descend to a specific position by controlling movement of the particles. [Solution] A particle descent position is separated away from a board surface of the oscillation board by using an acoustic radiation pressure generated by prompting ultrasonic vibration of the oscillation board disposed with a board surface substantially in parallel with a flow direction of the laminar flow. Moreover, by using a node of a standing wave field generated by prompting the ultrasonic vibration of two oscillation boards disposed with the board surfaces faced with each other, the particle is guided to a direction of a node of a standing wave field. Moreover, by using a focal point of the ultrasonic wave generated by prompting the ultrasonic wave of four oscillation boards, that is, two pairs disposed with the board surfaces faced with each other, the particle is guided to the focal point of the ultrasonic wave.

A waste gas purification system includes a gas container, a gas input unit for intermittent entrance of waste gas into the gas container, a gas output unit for discharge of the waste gas out of the gas container after the waste gas is purified, and a contaminant capturing apparatus disposed in the gas container and including a capture device that purifies the waste gas by using an adhesive to adhere particulate matter in the waste gas. A length of an active time the gas input unit allows for entrance of the waste gas into the gas container does not exceed sixty seconds. A length of a pause time the gas input unit does not allow for entrance of the waste gas into the gas container does not exceed thirty minutes.