Techniques are disclosed for systems and methods associated with a powertrain for a micro-mobility fleet vehicle. The fleet vehicle may include at least one drive wheel to provide tractive contact between the flee vehicle and a road surface, an electric motor mechanically coupled to the drive wheel and configured to provide motive force for the fleet vehicle, a brake resistor configured to provide dynamic braking of the motor, and a motor controller electronically coupling the brake resistor to the motor. The motor controller may be configured to control the motive force provided by the motor using the brake resistor. The motor controller may be configured to limit a speed, power, and/or acceleration of the motor using the brake resistor based on an operational environment of, and/or on a directive received by, the fleet vehicle. The brake resistor may provide a relatively wide range of traction control for the fleet vehicle.

A bicycle hub assembly comprises a hub axle, a hub body, and a sprocket support body. The hub body includes a first spoke-mounting portion, a second spoke-mounting portion, and a first axial length. The first axial length is defined between a first axially outermost part of the first spoke-mounting portion and a second axially outermost part of the second spoke-mounting portion in an axial direction and is equal to or larger than 55 mm. The sprocket support body includes a plurality of external spline teeth. The plurality of external spline teeth includes a plurality of external-spline driving surfaces. The plurality of external-spline driving surfaces each includes a radial length defined from a radially outermost edge to a radially innermost edge. A total of the radial lengths of the plurality of external-spline driving surfaces is equal to or larger than 7 mm.

A bicycle hub assembly comprises a hub axle, a hub body, and a sprocket support body. The hub body includes a first spoke-mounting portion, a second spoke-mounting portion, and a first axial length. The first axial length is defined between a first axially outermost part of the first spoke-mounting portion and a second axially outermost part of the second spoke-mounting portion in an axial direction and is equal to or larger than 55 mm. The sprocket support body includes a plurality of external spline teeth. The plurality of external spline teeth includes a plurality of external-spline driving surfaces. The plurality of external-spline driving surfaces each includes a radial length defined from a radially outermost edge to a radially innermost edge. A total of the radial lengths of the plurality of external-spline driving surfaces is equal to or larger than 7 mm.

A brake operating apparatus operates a brake apparatus of a small vehicle including a bicycle. The brake operating apparatus includes a support, an operating member, an electric actuator and an electronic controller. The operating member is provided to the support. The detector is configured to detect information on input to the operating member. The electric actuator is configured to drive the brake apparatus. The electronic controller is configured to control the electric actuator based on a detection result of the detector.

A bicycle hub assembly includes a hub shell including a braking surface. A coaster brake shoe is accommodated in the hub shell and cooperates with the braking surface to generate braking force. A motor is accommodated in the hub shell and configured to be controlled for at least changing or maintaining a gear ratio.

A bicycle hub assembly includes a hub shell including a braking surface. A coaster brake shoe is accommodated in the hub shell and cooperates with the braking surface to generate braking force. A motor is accommodated in the hub shell and configured to be controlled for at least changing or maintaining a gear ratio.

A bicycle hub assembly comprises a hub axle, a hub body, and a sprocket support body. The hub body includes a first spoke-mounting portion, a second spoke-mounting portion, and a first axial length. The first axial length is defined between a first axially outermost part of the first spoke-mounting portion and a second axially outermost part of the second spoke-mounting portion in an axial direction with respect to a rotational center axis. The first axial length is equal to or larger than 55 mm. The sprocket support body is rotatably mounted on the hub axle about the rotational center axis. The sprocket support body includes at least ten external spline teeth configured to engage with a bicycle rear sprocket assembly. Each of the at least ten external spline teeth has an external-spline driving surface and an external-spline non-driving surface.

A bicycle hub assembly comprises a hub axle, a hub body, and a sprocket support body. The hub body includes a first spoke-mounting portion, a second spoke-mounting portion, and a first axial length. The first axial length is defined between a first axially outermost part of the first spoke-mounting portion and a second axially outermost part of the second spoke-mounting portion in an axial direction with respect to a rotational center axis. The first axial length is equal to or larger than 55 mm. The sprocket support body is rotatably mounted on the hub axle about the rotational center axis. The sprocket support body includes at least ten external spline teeth configured to engage with a bicycle rear sprocket assembly. Each of the at least ten external spline teeth has an external-spline driving surface and an external-spline non-driving surface.

A bicycle hub assembly comprises a hub axle, a hub body, and a sprocket support body. The hub body includes a first spoke-mounting portion, a second spoke-mounting portion, and a first axial length. The first axial length is defined between a first axially outermost part of the first spoke-mounting portion and a second axially outermost part of the second spoke-mounting portion in an axial direction and is equal to or larger than 55 mm. The sprocket support body includes a plurality of external spline teeth. The plurality of external spline teeth includes a plurality of external-spline driving surfaces. The plurality of external-spline driving surfaces each includes a radial length defined from a radially outermost edge to a radially innermost edge. A total of the radial lengths of the plurality of external-spline driving surfaces is equal to or larger than 7 mm.

A recumbent bicycle for recumbent riding includes a frame that is tubular and elongated. A handlebar, which is ape hanger-styled, is rotationally coupled to a front of the frame. A first wheel and a second wheel are rotationally coupled to a rear of the frame and the handlebar, respectively. A seat is coupled to a top of the frame. A sprocket, which is coupled to the frame proximate to the front, is operationally coupled to the first wheel. A pair of pedals is coupled to and extends from the sprocket. Each pedal is configured to position a respective foot of the user so that the user is positioned to compel rotation of the sprocket concurrent with the pedals. The sprocket is positioned to compel rotation of the first wheel to locomote the frame and the user. The pedals also are configured to be reversibly rotated to brake the first wheel.