Methods for manufacturing an object comprising beryllium by depositing layers of beryllium and metal inoculants are disclosed. Grain refinement allows the beryllium article to have beneficial properties in terms of strength and durability.

In order to provide a novel production method that produces a solution of an inorganic substance which is poorly soluble in both a basic solution and an acidic solution, and that is highly energy efficient, a method for producing an inorganic substance solution (BeCl.sub.2 solution production method M10) includes: a heating step (S13) of dielectrically heating a powdery mixture to obtain a liquid mixture containing an inorganic substance, the powdery mixture having been obtained by mixing powder of the inorganic substance and hydroxide.

A wastewater treatment system and method are provided for preventing or reducing ammonia rebound during periods of warming weather. The system may be operated in first and second modes of operation. During the first mode of operation, wastewater may pass directly from a reactor to a partial mix cell and then to a polishing cell. During the second mode of operation, which typically occurs during a springtime warmup period, wastewater is retained within the partial mix cell until sludge and biosolids therein are substantially digested, while wastewater exiting the reactor is temporarily directed to the polishing cell, thereby bypassing the partial mix cell. Upon digestion and stabilization of the sludge and biosolids in the partial mix cell, the system may return to the first mode of operation. Sludge and biosolids may optionally be removed from the reactor during the first and second modes of operation.

Recovering bromine from solid waste containing bromine compounds, and applications thereof, such as for recovering bromine in a form suitable for reuse, or for manufacturing bromine salt (for example, calcium bromide). Bromine recovery method and system include: providing and mixing (i) solid waste containing bromine compounds and (ii) solid calcium hydroxide; heating the mixture in a chemical reducing (non-oxidizing) environment, thereby forming heated product consisting essentially of only solid calcium bromide (salt); and processing the heated product, to form bromine. Calcium bromide manufacturing method and system include: providing and mixing (i) solid waste containing bromine compounds and (ii) solid calcium hydroxide; heating the mixture in a chemical reducing (non-oxidizing) environment, thereby forming solid calcium bromide (salt). Applicable to processes of, or involving, manufacturing bromine-based flame (fire) retardant materials.

Processes for producing beryllium fluoride salt systems containing beryllium fluoride, such as lithium beryllium fluoride salts, are disclosed herein. The processes include mixing ammonium beryllium fluoride with a lithium compound, melting the mixture to form a molten phase, purging the molten phase, and cooling the molten phase. This reduces the number of manufacturing steps needed to obtain the beryllium fluoride containing salt.

The present invention discloses methods for leaching beryllium from a beryllium-containing concentrate or a beryllium-containing ore, comprising contacting the concentrate or the ore with a leaching solution, wherein the leaching solution contains a technical grade hydrochloric acid, wherein the solution contains no sulfuric acid, no nitric acid, and no potassium chlorate, extracting beryllium via a gradual heating process, wherein the technical grade hydrochloric acid is used in varying amounts by volume per liter of leaching solution, and adding ammonium fluoride to the leaching solution in contact with the concentrate or ore, wherein the ammonium fluoride is added in a fractional manner.

The present invention discloses methods for leaching beryllium from a beryllium-containing concentrate or a beryllium-containing ore, comprising contacting the concentrate or the ore with a leaching solution, wherein the leaching solution contains a technical grade hydrochloric acid, wherein the solution contains no sulfuric acid, no nitric acid, and no potassium chlorate, extracting beryllium via a gradual heating process, wherein the technical grade hydrochloric acid is used in varying amounts by volume per liter of leaching solution, and adding ammonium fluoride to the leaching solution in contact with the concentrate or ore, wherein the ammonium fluoride is added in a fractional manner.

The present invention discloses methods for leaching beryllium from a beryllium containing concentrate or a beryllium-containing ore, comprising contacting the concentrate or the ore with a leaching solution, wherein the leaching solution contains a technical grade hydrochloric acid, wherein the solution contains no sulfuric acid, no nitric acid, and no potassium chlorate, extracting beryllium via a gradual heating process, wherein the technical grade hydrochloric acid is used in varying amounts by volume per liter of leaching solution, and adding ammonium fluoride to the leaching solution in contact with the concentrate or ore, wherein the ammonium fluoride is added in a fractional manner.

The present invention discloses methods for leaching beryllium from a beryllium containing concentrate or a beryllium-containing ore, comprising contacting the concentrate or the ore with a leaching solution, wherein the leaching solution contains a technical grade hydrochloric acid, wherein the solution contains no sulfuric acid, no nitric acid, and no potassium chlorate, extracting beryllium via a gradual heating process, wherein the technical grade hydrochloric acid is used in varying amounts by volume per liter of leaching solution, and adding ammonium fluoride to the leaching solution in contact with the concentrate or ore, wherein the ammonium fluoride is added in a fractional manner.

The present invention relates generally in part to BeO-based compounds that are capable of storing at least part of the energy of incident ionizing radiation and releasing at least part of the stored energy upon optical stimulation and heating. BeO-based compounds dosimetry was also developed in instrumentation, application and fundamental investigations. The present disclosure further relates the to the investigation of a BeO-based optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeter together with an OSL reader, and discusses the design and operation of an OSL reader, suitable to measure OSL emission of BeO-based dosimeters, for example beryllium oxide doped with sodium, dysprosium and erbium. The present disclosure further relates to the use of BeO-based compounds comprising BeO and at least one dopant selected from the group consisting of sodium, dysprosium and erbium as a fiber-coupled OSL dosimeter.