Provided is a cooling device, where a hot-finish-rolling mill includes a plurality of nozzles which spray cooling water toward one of or both of upper and lower surfaces of a hot-rolled steel sheet just after rolled by rolling stands, the nozzles are provided on the inside of the upper and lower guides or adjoining to the guides on a downstream side, and a nozzle spray distance changes depending on a position of the nozzle in a rolling direction, wherein a spray angle of the nozzle at a position whose nozzle spray distance is the largest is smaller than a spray angle of the nozzle at a position whose nozzle spray distance is the smallest, and the spray angle of the nozzle becomes the same or smaller as the nozzle spray distance becomes large.

In various embodiments, electronic devices such as touch-panel displays incorporate interconnects featuring a conductor layer and, disposed above the conductor layer, a capping layer comprising an alloy of Cu and one or more refractory metal elements selected from the group consisting of Ta, Nb, Mo, W, Zr, Hf, Re, Os, Ru, Rh, Ti, V, Cr, and Ni.

In various embodiments, electronic devices such as touch-panel displays incorporate interconnects featuring a conductor layer and, disposed above the conductor layer, a capping layer comprising an alloy of Cu and one or more refractory metal elements selected from the group consisting of Ta, Nb, Mo, W, Zr, Hf, Re, Os, Ru, Rh, Ti, V, Cr, and Ni.

The present invention relates to a temperature-control unit for a furnace device for heat treating a plate, in particular a metal plate. The temperature-control unit has a temperature-control body, which is arrangeable in a furnace chamber of the furnace device. The temperature-control body has a plurality of receiving bores. Furthermore, the temperature-control unit has a plurality of temperature-control pins, wherein the temperature-control pins are mounted in the receiving bores movably relative to the temperature-control body. The temperature-control pins are controllable in such a way that a temperature-control group of the temperature-control pins is extendable from the temperature-control body in the direction towards the plate, so that a thermal contact between the temperature-control group of the temperature-control pins and a predetermined temperature-control zone of the plate is generatable.

The present concepts include a zero-porosity structure having a plurality of structural elements arranged to provide a negative Poisson's ratio and, further, a new mechanism to generate negative Poisson's ratio is single material, zero-porosity structure.

A method for manufacturing a thermally treated steel sheet is described. The method includes: A. a preparation step including: 1) a selection substep, wherein the chemical composition and m.sub.target are compared to a list of predefined products, which microstructure includes predefined phases and predefined proportion of phases, and selecting a product having a microstructure m.sub.standard closest to m.sub.target and a predefined thermal path TP.sub.standard to obtain m.sub.standard, 2) a calculation substep, wherein at least two thermal path TP.sub.x, each TP.sub.x corresponding to a microstructure mx obtained at the end of TP.sub.x, are calculated based on the selected product of step A.1) and TP.sub.standard and the initial microstructure mi of the steel sheet to reach m.sub.target, 3) an selection substep, wherein one thermal path TP.sub.target to reach m.sub.target is selected, TP.sub.target chosen from TP.sub.x and selected such that m.sub.x is the closest to m.sub.target, B. a thermal treatment step, wherein TP.sub.target is performed on the steel sheet.

Methods for forming a dual-phase magnetic component from an initial component comprising a non-magnetic austenite composition are provided. The method may include: forming a coating on a portion of the surface of the initial component to form a masked area while leaving an unmasked area thereon. Thereafter the initial component may be heated to a treatment temperature such that nitrogen diffuses out of the unmasked area of the initial component to transform the non-magnetic austenite composition to a magnetic phase in the unmasked area. Thereafter, the initial component may be cooled from the treatment temperature to form a dual-phase magnetic component having a magnetic region corresponding to the unmasked area and a non-magnetic region corresponding to the masked area.

Provided are a high-strength and high-plasticity hot-forming steel with oxidation resistance for automobiles and a hot-forming process thereof, and the hot-forming steel has chemical compositions in mass percentages as follows: C: 0.35%-50%, Si: ?0.20%, Mn: 1.50%-2.50%, P: 0.050%-0.10%, S?0.004%, Als: 0.02%-0.06%, Nb: 0.03%-0.07%, Ti: 0.020%-0.050%, V: 0.08%-0.15%, Cr: 1.50%-3.20%, Mo: 0.10%-0.30%, B: ?0.0040%, N?0.005%, the balance Fe and inevitable impurities. The hot-forming steel provided in the present invention has high oxidation resistance, high strength and plasticity, does not need atmosphere protection during hot forming, and does not need shot blasting treatment after hot forming.

Methods for using a mold to partially harden semifinished products, which are comprised of hardenable steel and have at least partially an open-profile or closed-profile cross section, may involve a number of steps. For example, such methods may involve heating regions of a semifinished product above an A.sub.C1 temperature, positioning the semifinished producing in a mold, positioning an active mold cooling element adjacent to or in contact with the heated regions of the semifinished product, and cooling the regions of the semifinished product at a defined cooling rate so that a hardened microstructure in the cooled regions. These methods and corresponding devices provide low cost solutions that dispense with complete hardening of semifinished products and/or employing welded connections to provide various mechanical properties.

Provided is a cooling device, where a hot-finish-rolling mill includes a plurality of nozzles which spray cooling water toward one of or both of upper and lower surfaces of a hot-rolled steel sheet just after rolled by rolling stands, the nozzles are provided on the inside of the upper and lower guides or adjoining to the guides on a downstream side, and a nozzle spray distance changes depending on a position of the nozzle in a rolling direction, wherein a spray angle of the nozzle at a position whose nozzle spray distance is the largest is smaller than a spray angle of the nozzle at a position whose nozzle spray distance is the smallest, and the spray angle of the nozzle becomes the same or smaller as the nozzle spray distance becomes large.