A protective device, in particular an anti-erosion protective device, preferably a geotextile, is at least configured to be planarly spread over a surface, in particular an earth surface, that is to be protected, and which is at least largely implemented of a plurality of synthetic fibers interconnected via force-fit connection and/or substance-to-substance bond and arranged in such a way that they form an essentially three-dimensional structuring, wherein at least a large portion of the synthetic fibers are at least largely biodegradable.

A retrofit reinforcing structure addition and method for an existing gravity spread foundation for a wind turbine or the like having a central pedestal and a spread section is provided. The retrofit structure addition includes a collar formed around the pedestal of the spread foundation. The collar is formed by a shape sustaining member, such as a CMP, placed around the pedestal to define an annular ring between the CMP and the pedestal that is filled with cementitious material. Radial bolts extend horizontally through the collar and into the side of the pedestal. Soil and/or rock anchor bolts extend vertically through the collar, the spread portion of the foundation and into the underlying soil and/or rock substrate. The radial and anchor bolts are post-tensioned to ensure that the cementitious material of the collar remains in compression and the bolts are always in static tension, strengthening the original gravity spread foundation and extending the fatigue life thereof.

A retrofit reinforcing structure addition and method for an existing gravity spread foundation for a wind turbine or the like having a central pedestal and a spread section is provided. The retrofit structure addition includes a collar formed around the pedestal of the spread foundation. The collar is formed by a shape sustaining member, such as a CMP, placed around the pedestal to define an annular ring between the CMP and the pedestal that is filled with cementitious material. Radial bolts extend horizontally through the collar and into the side of the pedestal. Soil and/or rock anchor bolts extend vertically through the collar, the spread portion of the foundation and into the underlying soil and/or rock substrate. The radial and anchor bolts are post-tensioned to ensure that the cementitious material of the collar remains in compression and the bolts are always in static tension, strengthening the original gravity spread foundation and extending the fatigue life thereof.

A high strength environmental control device comprising a mesh container having at least one interior and one exterior surface is provided. The interior of the mesh container can comprise a filler material. The mesh container can comprise a plurality of yarns, including viscose fibers, interlaced together.

A pre-fabricated load bearing structural assembly includes a foundation, a pole, and a cap. At least one of the foundation and the cap is unitary fabricated with at least one internal cellular and/or volumetric enclosure that transfers lateral and axial stresses away from the pole. A pole section disposed inside a foundation pole cavity is configured to rest on a corresponding support structure centrally disposed at the bottom of the cavity. The pole section exterior wall/s profile and dimensions in proximity to the pole cavity aperture is/are precisely defined. At least one cap, precisely fabricated, fills in the gap between the exterior wall/s of the pole and the inner wall/s of the pole cavity in proximity to the aperture opening of the pole cavity. The pole resting on the corresponding centrally disposed structure at the bottom of the pole cavity is plumbed by the precisely fabricated cap.

A storm water runoff and erosion control device includes a rigid frame covered by a layer of mesh material. The frame defines an interior space that is filled with filtration material. The device may be configured as a wattle having an elongated frame with a triangular cross-section. The wattle may be extended along the contour of a hill to reduce erosion, or it may be placed at the entrance to a drainage inlet to slow the velocity of, and filter sediment and contaminants from, water entering the inlet. Alternatively, the device may be a compact filter that is a cube, cylinder, sphere, or other suitable geometry. A plurality of these compact filters may be placed in the basin of a storm water drain, and piled sufficiently high to cover the outlet from the basin. Thus, all the water in the basin must pass through the compact filters before exiting.

Stormwater runoff and erosion control devices include carpets or blankets, wattles, and compact drainage filters. A carpet or blanket is a sheet of mesh material having a border formed of a different material than the mesh material. Wattles and compact drainage filters include mesh material supported by a rigid frame. In preferred embodiments, the mesh material includes biochar or activated carbon. Blankets and carpets may be positioned above or suspended below drainage grates in a storm water runoff system, and held in place by magnets. Wattles may be placed on hillsides, or between concrete barriers and drainage grates. Compact drainage filters may be placed at the outlets of catchment basins.

A volumetric enclosure or enclosures and/or a cellular structure pole foundation is provided. The volumetric enclosure/s or cellular structure pole foundation may employ several embodiments: (1) a single or a plurality of volumetric enclosures at the vertical center of the foundation below the foundation's pole cavity; (2) a single or a plurality of volumetric enclosures at the vertical center of the foundation below the foundation's pole cavity and a cellular structure within the foundation walls and base; (3) a cellular structure throughout the entire body of the foundation; (4) a cellular structure within the foundation walls; (5) the above embodiments with fill material consisting of gas or fluid or solids retained inside the foundation walls; and (6) the above embodiments with solid fill material that can reach the foundation core through the pole cavity.

A volumetric enclosure or enclosures and/or a cellular structure pole foundation is provided. The volumetric enclosure/s or cellular structure pole foundation may employ several embodiments: (1) a single or a plurality of volumetric enclosures at the vertical center of the foundation below the foundation's pole cavity; (2) a single or a plurality of volumetric enclosures at the vertical center of the foundation below the foundation's pole cavity and a cellular structure within the foundation walls and base; (3) a cellular structure throughout the entire body of the foundation; (4) a cellular structure within the foundation walls; (5) the above embodiments with fill material consisting of gas or fluid or solids retained inside the foundation walls; and (6) the above embodiments with solid fill material that can reach the foundation core through the pole cavity.

A retrofit reinforcing structure addition and method for an existing gravity spread foundation for a wind turbine or the like having a central pedestal and a spread section is provided.

The retrofit structure addition includes a collar formed around the pedestal of the spread foundation. The collar is formed by a shape sustaining member, such as a CMP, placed around the pedestal to define an annular ring between the CMP and the pedestal that is filled with cementitious material. Radial bolts extend horizontally through the collar and into the side of the pedestal. Soil and/or rock anchor bolts extend vertically through the collar, the spread portion of the foundation and into the underlying soil and/or rock substrate. The radial and anchor bolts are post-tensioned to ensure that the cementitious material of the collar remains in compression and the bolts are always in static tension, strengthening the original gravity spread foundation and extending the fatigue life thereof.