An image forming apparatus includes a main casing, a cartridge, and a controller. The cartridge is attachable to the main casing. The cartridge includes a cartridge memory configured to store identification information. The controller is configured to perform a rewriting process to rewrite the identification information to information indicating that the cartridge is the normal cartridge, in a case where the controller receives a cancellation instruction to instruct to cancel the service contract and the identification information, which is stored in a cartridge memory of the cartridge attached to the main casing, indicates that the cartridge is the contract cartridge.

A transporting member includes: a first transporting section that has flexibility and that has a first shaft and a blade existing helically on a surface of the first shaft and transporting a transport object; a second transporting section having a second shaft that extends from a first end of the first shaft and that has higher rigidity than the first shaft, and also having a coil that exists helically on a surface of the second shaft, is movable toward and away from the surface of the second shaft, and transports the transport object; and a drive section that is attached to an end of the second shaft opposite the first shaft or to a third shaft having higher rigidity than the first shaft by being connected to the end and that is driven by receiving a rotational force.

An image-forming apparatus includes a rotatable developer-bearing member to bear a developer composed of a toner particle and a transfer promoting particle attached to the toner particle. When F denotes pressing force for pressing the developer-bearing member against an image-bearing member, and N denotes a total number of the transfer promoting particles interposed between the toner particle and the image-bearing member, adhesion strength Ft between the transfer promoting particle and the toner particle measured by pressing the transfer promoting particle against the toner particle at a pressing force per unit transfer promoting particle F/N and adhesion strength Fdr between the transfer promoting particle and the image-bearing member measured by pressing the transfer promoting particle against the image-bearing member at the pressing force per unit transfer promoting particle F/N, satisfy Ft<Fdr. Electrical discharge is generated upstream of a transfer portion in a movement direction of an intermediate transfer belt.

A cleaning blade for an intermediate transfer medium is provided. A cleaning target of the cleaning blade is an intermediate transfer medium. The cleaning blade includes an edge layer and a coating layer. The coating layer provided on a forefront end of the edge layer at which the edge layer contacts the intermediate transfer medium contains a first fluorine-based resin and a second fluorine-based resin incompatible with the first fluorine-based resin. The cleaning blade for an intermediate transfer medium has a Martens hardness of 0.5 N/mm.sup.2 or greater and 3 N/mm.sup.2 or less at a location having a distance of 20 μm from a ridgeline of the forefront end of the edge layer.

A light-emitting device includes: a first light-emitting unit that extends in one direction and that has a first emission surface that emits light located along the one direction; a second light-emitting unit that is located in the one direction with respect to the first light-emitting unit, that extends in the one direction, and that has a second emission surface that emits light located along the one direction; a cleaning unit that is capable of moving in the one direction and an opposite direction that is opposite to the one direction to clean the first emission surface; a transmission part that extends from the cleaning unit in the one direction and that transmits a moving force for moving the cleaning unit to the cleaning unit; and an extending part that extends from the transmission part in the one direction to elongate the transmission part. When the cleaning unit is positioned furthest in the opposite direction, an end of the extending part in the one direction is located further in the one direction than a midpoint between an end of the first light-emitting unit in the one direction and an end of the second light-emitting unit in the one direction.

A developing device includes a developing container, a developing roller, a supplying roller, a first magnet including a first magnetic pole, a second magnet including a second magnetic pole and a third magnetic pole, a regulating member provided opposed to the third magnetic pole. During non-image formation, an operation in a mode in which the supplying roller is rotated in a direction opposite to a rotational direction of the supplying roller during image formation is executable. With respect to the rotational direction of the supplying roller during the image formation, a position where a magnet flux density of the third magnetic pole in a tangential direction to an outer peripheral surface of the supplying roller is zero is positioned downstream of an upstream end of the regulating member and upstream of the second magnetic pole.

An image forming apparatus includes: a main casing; a toner cartridge including a toner casing having a toner outlet for discharging toner in the toner cartridge and a toner shutter for opening and closing the toner outlet; a drum cartridge including a photosensitive drum and a developing unit including a developing casing having a toner inlet for receiving the toner from the toner cartridge, a developing shutter for opening and closing the toner inlet, and a cushion member positioned between the developing casing and the developing shutter. When the developing casing is moved relative to the photosensitive drum while the drum cartridge and the toner cartridge are attached to the main casing, the developing shutter opens the toner inlet, and the toner shutter opens the toner outlet, the cushion member allows movement of the developing casing relative to the developing shutter while the developing shutter engages with the toner cartridge.

An image forming apparatus includes first and second image forming portions provided with first and second image bearing member, respectively. A controller controls a first operation in which the image to be transferred to the recording material is formed only in the first image forming portion, a second operation in which the image to be transferred is formed in the first and second image forming portions, and a supplying operation in which a lubricant is attached to the second image bearing member and supplied to a contacting portion of the second image bearing member. In a case that stopping time exceeds a predetermined threshold when a start instruction of the first operation is input in a stopping state of the first and second image bearing members, the controller controls to execute the supplying operation during from a current start instruction of the first operation is input until a next start instruction of the first or second operation is input.

An exhaust device includes: a flow path section through which gas containing ozone generated inside a device body flows; a joint section connected to the flow path section with an inlet opening where hot gas generated inside the device body flows, and where gas containing ozone and hot gas are joined internally; a first air flow generator that generates an air flow which causes the gas containing ozone to flow through the flow path section and to the joint section; and a second air flow generator that causes the gas containing ozone and the hot gas to be joined and discharged from the joint section to outside the device body so that a flow rate of the joint gas discharged from the joint section to outside the device body is higher than a flow rate of the gas containing ozone to the joint section by the first air flow generator.

An image forming apparatus includes a latent image bearer, an intermediate transferor, a primary transferor, a second transferor, and a cleaning blade. The latent image bearer has a surface onto which a lubricant comprising zinc stearate is supplied. The intermediate transferor has a surface onto which the toner image is transferred, the surface including an adhering region to which the lubricant from the latent image bearer adheres. The cleaning blade cleans the surface of the intermediate transferor including the adhering region, after the toner image is secondarily transferred. In a region outside at least a horizontal A4 sheet passing width on the intermediate transferor, a ratio of a peak area derived from zinc stearate to a peak area derived from the intermediate transferor in a difference spectrum between attenuated total reflection (ATR) infrared absorption spectrums of the intermediate transferor in an unused state and after use is 0.892 or less.