A mirror clip for use in an optical mirror housing for an optical emission spectrometer includes a body having a mirror seating portion, at least one hinge member for positioning and attaching the clip to an optical mirror housing, and at least one clamping member for releasably securing the mirror clip to the optical mirror housing. A mirror can be accommodated in the mirror seating portion. The at least one hinge member may include a hook to provide a releasable hinged connection between the mirror clip and the optical mirror housing.

A particle-accelerator diagnostic technology capable of evaluating extraction efficiency of charged particles in a short cycle is provided. A diagnostic device for a particle accelerator includes: a first receiver configured to receive a first detection signal from a first detector that detects a first current value generated by movement of charged particles in a circular accelerator, the first detection signal being outputted as a signal corresponding to the first current value; a second receiver configured to receive a second detection signal from a second detector that detects a second current value generated by movement of charged particles extracted from the circular accelerator into a beam transport system, the second detection signal being outputted as a signal corresponding to the second current value; and a calculator configured to calculate an extraction efficiency of charged particles based on the first and second detection signals.

Methods and systems for detecting arcing events within linear accelerators are disclosed herein. Arcing is detected within a linear accelerator using a reflected RF power signal. Such methods can be performed automatically using components of the linear accelerator itself. The method comprises obtaining a reflected RF power signal, detecting an anomaly based on the reflected RF power signal, the anomaly being indicative of the occurrence of an arcing event, and outputting a signal indicating an arcing event has occurred.

The invention relates to a plasma treatment arrangement (10) for forming a dielectric barrier plasma discharge having an electrode arrangement (11) and a high-voltage generator, wherein the electrode arrangement (11) has at least one electrode (13) and one dielectric in which the electrode (13) is embedded, said dielectric fully covering the electrode (13) up to a surface (23) which is to be treated, wherein the high-voltage generator (25) uses at least one transformer (17a, 17b) to generate a high AC voltage (U.sub.13a, U.sub.13b) from an input voltage (U.sub.E) which is fed to the high-voltage generator (25), and feeds said high AC voltage to the electrode (13) of the electrode arrangement (11) in order to form a dielectric barrier plasma discharge, wherein there is provision for a safety device (20) which comprises a sensor arrangement (27) having at least one magnetic field sensor (27) for detecting the electromagnetic alternating field generated by the transformer (17a, 17b) and which has an evaluation unit (22), by means of which the electromagnetic alternating field detected by the magnetic field sensor (27) is assigned to one of at least two functional states.