Disclosed are peptides and dimeric peptides exhibiting beta-galactosidase enzyme activity, as well as methods for producing a dairy product using them, and dairy products made by such methods. In some embodiments, the peptides exhibit beta-galactosidase enzyme activity at low and/or high temperatures.

The present invention provides a recombinant cell for producing para-nitro-L-phenylalanine (pN-Phe). The recombinant cell comprises heterologous genes encoding heterologous enzymes. The recombinant cell expresses the heterologous enzymes and contains a native metabolite. The native metabolite is converted to the pN-Phe in the recombinant cell. The biosynthesized pN-Phe may be incorporated into a target polypeptide in the recombinant cell without requiring exposure of the recombinant cell to exogenous pN-Phe. A cell culture comprising the recombinant cell is also provided. Further provided is a method of producing pN-Phe by a recombinant cell comprising heterologous genes encoding heterologous enzymes. The method comprises expressing a native metabolite by the recombinant cell, expressing the heterologous enzymes, and converting the native metabolite to the pN-Phe in the recombinant cell. The method may further comprise incorporating the pN-Phe into the target polypeptide in the recombinant cell.

The present invention has a purpose of providing a novel β-galactosidase enzyme useful for the production of oligosaccharides. Disclosed is a β-galactosidase enzyme comprising the amino acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 4 or an amino acid sequence that is 80% or more identical to said amino acid sequence.

The invention relates to carrier complexes and methods for delivering molecules to cells. The carrier complexes comprises a molecule and an aromatic cationic peptide in accordance with the invention. In one embodiment, the method for delivering a molecule to a cell comprises contacting the cell with a carrier complex. In another embodiment, the method for delivering a molecule to a cell comprises contacting the cell with a molecule and an aromatic cationic peptide.

Certain embodiments of the disclosure are directed to the expression/production of β-galactosidases in recombinant Bacillus spp. host cells having reduced or eliminated para-nitrobenzylesterase activity.

A method for providing a low lactose milk-based product having GOS fiber is provided in which a milk substrate having lactose is treated with a transgalactosylating enzyme to provide GOS fiber and remaining lactose; deactivating the transgalactosylating enzyme; contacting the milk-based substrate having GOS fiber with a lactase to degrade the remaining lactose to provide the low lactose milk-based product having GOS fiber and deactivating the lactase. Also provided are enzymes and GOS fiber and lactose amounts and stability.

An object of the present invention is to provide an enzyme-treated milk product, a method for preparing the same, a composition thereof comprising a pharmaceutical composition, and a product thereof comprising a pharmaceuticals. The enzyme-treated milk product can be obtained by a method for producing an enzyme-treated milk product including a step for bringing milk into contact with β-galactosidase.

The present invention relates to new improved peptide or dimeric peptides exhibiting beta-galactosidase enzyme activity as well as improved methods for reducing the lactose content in compositions optionally at elevated temperatures.

The present invention has a purpose of providing a novel β-galactosidase enzyme useful for the production of oligosaccharides. Disclosed is a β-galactosidase enzyme comprising the amino acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 4 or an amino acid sequence that is 80% or more identical to said amino acid sequence.

A therapeutic regimen useful for treatment of GM1 gangliosidosis comprising administration of a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector having an AAV capsid and a vector genome comprising a sequence encoding human β-galactosidase is provided. Also provided are compositions containing a rAAV vector and methods of treating GM1 gangliosidosis in patient comprising administration of a rAAV vector.