The invention relates to the use of at least one acid stable protease in poultry feed in combination with anti-coccidial vaccination of birds for increasing the performance of vaccinated animals. It has been found surprisingly that the additions of at least one acid stable protease according to the invention to the diet of cocci-vaccinated birds have a significant improvement of animal performance. The inventors found that especially the use of serine proteases improve the performance of vaccinated broiler chickens, in particular, the use of serine proteases increases weight gain and improves Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) of cocci-vaccinated birds.

Provided herein are methods of purifying nucleic acids (e.g., mRNAs) from mixtures, including protease digestion of residual proteins, RNase III digestion of double-stranded RNAs, salt precipitation of mRNA, continuous removal of transcribed RNA, and improvement of column chromatography using high salt concentrations.

Disclosed herein are methods of performing continuous directed evolution in complex biological systems, including metazoan cells. These methods include the infection of engineered, non-naturally occurring metazoan cells with engineered, non-naturally occurring DNA viruses. The generation of infectious viruses that can infect new cells depends on the evolution of a gene of interest which is driven by an error-prone adenoviral polymerase. Also disclosed herein, are the compositions of engineered, non-naturally occurring metazoan cells and engineered, non-naturally occurring DNA viruses that function as components in the continuous directed evolution methodologies.

The present disclosure relates to methods and products associated with in vitro and in vivo protease activity measurements and enzyme profiling. Some aspects of the present disclosure relate to measuring remotely triggered protease activity. In particular, the disclosure relates to methods of in vivo processing of exogenous molecules followed by detection of signature molecules as representative of the presence or absence of active enzymes associated with disease or conditions. The disclosure also relates to products, kits, and databases for use in the methods of the disclosure.

The present invention relates to protease variants and methods for obtaining protease variants. The present invention also relates to polynucleotides encoding the variants; nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides; and methods of using the variants.

Disclosed are methods of synthesizing racemic 2-(difluoromethyl)-1-(alkoxycarbonyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylic acids and 2-(vinyl)-1-(alkoxycarbonyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylic acids and their salts, such as the dicyclohexylamine salt. Also disclosed are methods for preparing enantioenriched (1R,2R)-1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-(difluoromethyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid and esters of the same. These compounds are useful intermediates in the synthesis of viral protease inhibitors.

A process for treating brewers spent grains for producing a high value protein product and a cellulosic residue, both from brewers spent grain that have not gone through fermentation. The high value protein product is useful as a protein supplement, or feed for livestock and poultry, and the cellulosic residue has value as a feedstock for a thermochemical process unit, such as for the production of a biofuel.

A process for treating brewers spent grains for producing a high value protein product and a cellulosic residue, both from brewers spent grains that have not gone through fermentation. The high value protein product is useful as a protein supplement for human consumption, or feed for livestock and poultry. The cellulosic residue has value as a feedstock for a thermochemical process unit, such as for the production of a biofuel.

An apparatus for hydrolysing a product, comprising a continuous conduit having an inlet for receiving the product and an outlet for discharging the product, the conduit being formed so as to follow a path that winds around a longitudinal axis as the conduit extends parallel to the longitudinal axis between the inlet and the outlet, and a heating system for heating at least part of the conduit. The conduit is rotatable about the longitudinal axis so as to transport product received in the inlet towards the outlet.

The invention relates to the use of at least one bacterial amylase and/or bacterial or fungal cellulase in combination with one or more protease(s) in substrates for anaerobic digestion processes for biogas production for improving degradation of maize, maize silages and/or other biogas substrates, in particular for improving gas yield, velocity and substrate conversion rate.