A divalent metal ion salt, such as a calcium salt, for the reduction of browning of a reducing saccharide and/or the formation of acrylamide during heating in the presence of an amine-containing food ingredient: a sweetener composition comprising a divalent metal ion salt and a reducing saccharide: use of a divalent metal ion salt for the reduction of browning and acrylamide formation in a food product comprising a reducing saccharide during heating in the presence of an amine-containing additional food ingredient: a method for reducing browning and acrylamide formation in a food product, wherein the method comprises: a) combining a reducing saccharide with a divalent metal salt and at least one amine-containing additional food ingredient to provide an unheated food product; and b) optionally heating the unheated food product to provide a heated food product; and a food product comprising: a reducing saccharide, a divalent metal ion salt, and an amine-containing additional food ingredient.

A dough- or batter-based food product is prepared by mixing dough or batter ingredients to establish a dough or batter composition, the dough ingredients including at least flour, water and salt. The salt particles have dissolution rate of at least 120 seconds. Batter or dough provided herein, and cooked foods made from the batter or dough, include pockets of salt at a higher concentration than the dough, batter, or cooked food overall. Batter- or dough-based food products provided have a saltiness perception level substantially the same as compared to batter- or dough-based food products that include table salt in an amount at least 40% greater than the provided batter- or dough-based food product.

A dough- or batter-based food product is prepared by mixing dough or batter ingredients to establish a dough or batter composition, the dough ingredients including at least flour, water and salt. The salt particles have dissolution rate of at least 120 seconds. Batter or dough provided herein, and cooked foods made from the batter or dough, include pockets of salt at a higher concentration than the dough, batter, or cooked food overall. Batter- or dough-based food products provided have a saltiness perception level substantially the same as compared to batter- or dough-based food products that include table salt in an amount at least 40% greater than the provided batter- or dough-based food product.

A dough- or batter-based food product is prepared by mixing dough or batter ingredients to establish a dough or batter composition, the dough ingredients including at least flour, water and salt. The salt particles have dissolution rate of at least 120 seconds. Batter or dough provided herein, and cooked foods made from the batter or dough, include pockets of salt at a higher concentration than the dough, batter, or cooked food overall. Batter- or dough-based food products provided have a saltiness perception level substantially the same as compared to batter- or dough-based food products that include table salt in an amount at least 40% greater than the provided batter- or dough-based food product.

A dough- or batter-based food product is prepared by mixing dough or batter ingredients to establish a dough or batter composition, the dough ingredients including at least flour, water and salt. The salt particles have dissolution rate of at least 120 seconds. Batter or dough provided herein, and cooked foods made from the batter or dough, include pockets of salt at a higher concentration than the dough, batter, or cooked food overall. Batter- or dough-based food products provided have a saltiness perception level substantially the same as compared to batter- or dough-based food products that include table salt in an amount at least 40% greater than the provided batter- or dough-based food product.

A baked dough food for consumption during fasting, methods of making the same, and methods of fasting that include consumption of the baked dough food are disclosed herein. The baked dough food includes a dry ingredient selected from the group consisting of almond flour, coconut flour, Psyllium husk powder, chia powder, flaxseed powder, and combinations thereof, baking soda, at least one of clarified butter, an oil, cacao butter, almond butter, peanut butter, unsweetened almond milk, or water, a sweetener, and a flavoring agent. The baked dough food does not produce an insulin spike or increased blood glucose level upon consumption.

A baked dough food for consumption during fasting, methods of making the same, and methods of fasting that include consumption of the baked dough food are disclosed herein. The baked dough food includes a dry ingredient selected from the group consisting of almond flour, coconut flour, Psyllium husk powder, chia powder, flaxseed powder, and combinations thereof, baking soda, at least one of clarified butter, an oil, cacao butter, almond butter, peanut butter, unsweetened almond milk, or water, a sweetener, and a flavoring agent. The baked dough food does not produce an insulin spike or increased blood glucose level upon consumption.

The present invention relates to baking powders suitable for use as a phosphate-free leavening agent in baking, more particularly in cakes, comprising baking salt(s) and oxidase(s) of class EC 1.1.3. Also, phosphate-free cake batters or cake products comprising baking salt(s) and oxidase(s) of class EC 1.1.3, and methods to obtain them, are provided herein.

The present invention relates to baking powders suitable for use as a phosphate-free leavening agent in baking, more particularly in cakes, comprising baking salt(s) and oxidase(s) of class EC 1.1.3. Also, phosphate-free cake batters or cake products comprising baking salt(s) and oxidase(s) of class EC 1.1.3, and methods to obtain them, are provided herein.

A leavening composition which gives an enhanced leavening and reduced use of acidulants comprises (1) an alkali metal bicarbonate, (2) at least 0.1 and preferably at least mole per mole of bicarbonate of a precipitant which is a water-soluble alkaline earth metal salt, and (3) optionally an acidulant, wherein (2) and (3) are present in a total amount from 105 to 800% of the stoichiometric amount that would be required to react fully with (1) in a boiling aqueous solution. In a preferred embodiment the acidulant forms a water insoluble calcium or magnesium salt and is sufficient to provide more than 0.105 g replaceable hydrogen per 100 mmol bicarbonate, and the precipitant is a water soluble calcium or magnesium salt which is capable of precipitating or complexing with said acidulant and is present in an amount sufficient to provide a final pH below 6.5 when the leavening agent is heated in a bakery mix, which allows the inclusion of an effective amount of a preservative.