Provided is a compound that comprises the structure:

##STR00001## where SIG is a signaling molecule and R.sup.3 is a formyl, a succinyl, a methyl succinyl, or a myristoyl. Also provided is a kit is provided that comprises the above compound, with instructions for determining the presence of the enzyme. Additionally, a method is provided for determining whether a sample has an enzyme that removes a succinyl, a methyl succinyl, a formyl, or a myristoyl moiety from an -amino of a lysine. Also provided is a method of determining whether a molecule inhibits an enzyme that removes a succinyl, a methyl succinyl, a formyl, or a myristoyl moiety from an -amino of a lysine.

The present invention relates to a yeast cell producing at least one secreted protein of interest, wherein said cell comprises at least one additional fungal gene showing increased expression and/or overexpression, showing reduced expression and/or inactivation, wherein said gene improves the production of the at least one secreted protein of interest. The present invention further relates to respective methods for production and uses of the yeast cell.

The present invention relates to a method for predicting a survival rate of a breast cancer patient, comprising: providing a biological sample of the breast cancer patient; measuring miR-125a-5p expression level in the biological sample; and comparing the miR-125a-5p expression level in the biological sample of the breast cancer patient with miR-125a-5p expression level in another biological sample of a reference breast cancer patient; wherein when the miR-125a-5p expression level in the biological sample of the breast cancer patient is lower than that of the reference breast cancer patient, the survival rate of the breast cancer patient is lower than that of the reference breast cancer patient; or when the miR-125a-5p expression level in the biological sample of the breast cancer patient is greater than that of the reference breast cancer patient, the survival rate of the breast cancer patient is greater than that of the reference breast cancer patient.

The present application provides a method for treating an influenza virus infection in a subject characterised in that a therapeutically effective amount of a modulator of the ubiquitin-binding property of HDAC6 is administered to said subject. The present application also provides an antibody binding to HDAC6 and decreasing or blocking its ubiquitin-binding properties for use in treating an influenza virus infection.

Provided is a compound that comprises the structure: ##STR00001## where SIG is a signaling molecule and R.sup.3 is a formyl, a succinyl, a methyl succinyl, or a myristoyl. Also provided is a kit is provided that comprises the above compound, with instructions for determining the presence of the enzyme. Additionally, a method is provided for determining whether a sample has an enzyme that removes a succinyl, a methyl succinyl, a formyl, or a myristoyl moiety from an -amino of a lysine. Also provided is a method of determining whether a molecule inhibits an enzyme that removes a succinyl, a methyl succinyl, a formyl, or a myristoyl moiety from an -amino of a lysine.

Engineered CRISPR-Cas9 nucleases with improved specificity and their use in genomic engineering, epigenotnic engineering, genome targeting, and genome editing.

The present technology relates to cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions useful for controlling the rate of cell destruction and minimizing the appearance of aging. In particular, the present technology relates to compositions and methods related to a combination of a sirtuin activator with a sirtuin-offsetting agent.

Methods and compositions are provided for the treatment of glaucoma and other optic neuropathies by administering an effective dose of an HDAC4 coding sequence or protein.

Provided are a microorganism in which activity of an SIRT-type deacetylase protein is weakened; a method for producing O-acetyl homoserine and L-methionine using the same; a composition for producing O-acetyl homoserine, the composition including the microorganism; and use of the microorganism for producing O-acetyl homoserine or L-methionine.

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing malignant breast cancer and, more particularly, to a composition for transdifferentiation of ER-negative breast cancer to luminal breast cancer, comprising an HDAC1/2 inhibitor and a BCL11A inhibitor as active ingredients, and use of the composition. According to the present invention, when target genes of the present invention are inhibited, BLT is induced so that basal-like or triplet-negative breast cancer is transdifferentiated to luminal A subtype breast cancer which is responsive to anticancer therapy, that is, being curable by hormone therapy. Accordingly, an effective and novel drug treatment that has not been conventionally attempted may be provided, thereby not only increasing the survival rate of patients through targeted therapy by realizing personalized medicine, but also contributing to an improvement in the quality of life that results from unnecessary anticancer drug therapy.