Disclosed are a recombinant yeast for producing 2,3-butanediol and a method for producing 2,3-butanediol using the same. By introducing Candida tropicalis-derived Pdc, which is less active than its own pyruvate decarboxylase (Pdc), into the cells of the strain, the recombinant yeast can synthesize acetyl-CoA, while avoiding production of ethanol, thereby increasing the strain growth rate and the substrate consumption rate and ultimately greatly improving productivity of 2,3-butanediol.

Disclosed is a method for producing 2,3-butanediol. Conventional methods for producing 2,3-butanediol using Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) inevitably cause production of a great amount of glycerol as a by-product, in addition to production of 2,3-butanediol. However, the yeast strain according to the present invention can produce 2,3-butanediol with high purity, high yield and high productivity, while inhibiting production of glycerol.

The present invention relates to a recombinant yeast having a reduced pyruvate decarboxylase activity, in the genome of which has been inserted: one or more nucleic acids encoding an acetolactate synthase or ALS, one or more nucleic acids en coding an acetolactate decarboxylase or ALD, andone or more copies of a nucleic acids encoding a NADH oxidase or NOXE.

Non-naturally occurring Zymomonas strains useful for the production of 2,3-butanediol are provided.

Methods for biosynthesising hydrocarbons from a gaseous substrate in non-naturally occurring acetogens as well as non-naturally occurring acetogens for production of hydrocarbons are provided.

The present invention relates to endoproteases. More particularly, the present invention relates to the use of endoproteases for reduction or elimination of beer haze.

Genetically modified microorganisms that have the ability to convert carbon substrates into chemical products such as 2,3-BDO are disclosed. For example, genetically modified methanotrophs that are capable of generating 2,3-BDO at high titers from a methane source are disclosed. Methods of making these genetically modified microorganisms and methods of using them are also disclosed.

The present invention relates to a transcription regulatory biopart based on the 3-untranslated region and a metabolic flux control method thereof.

Genetically modified microorganisms that have the ability to convert carbon substrates into chemical products such as 2,3-BDO; 1,4-BDO; isobutyraldehyde; isobutanol; 1-butanol; n-butanol; ethanol; fatty alcohols; and fatty acid methyl ester are disclosed. For example, genetically modified methanotrophs that are capable of generating 2,3-BDO; 1,4-BDO; isobutyraldehyde; isobutanol; 1-butanol; n-butanol; ethanol; fatty alcohols; and fatty acid methyl ester at high titers from a methane source are disclosed. Methods of making these genetically modified microorganisms and methods of using them are also disclosed. These microorganisms and methods make use of molecular switches to regulate gene expression.

The present invention relates to a method for prevention and/or treatment of an autoimmune disease, comprising administering a composition, said composition comprising at least one beta cell autoantigen, to a subject The subject may have a serum vitamin-D level above 50 nanomole/liter or the composition may be administered by intralymphatic injection or injection directly into a lymph node, or over a period of weeks, months, or years. The invention also relates to a composition comprising a plurality of particles, each having immobilised on its surface at least one first and at least one second antigen, wherein the first antigen is a beta cell autoantigen, and the second antigen is either a tolerogen or a beta cell autoantigen, and to composition comprising i) at least one beta cell autoantigen, and at least one of iia) an IL-10 inducing compound selected from the group consisting of vitamin-D), vitamin-D analogs, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, gamma-amino butyric acid, and gamma-amino butyric acid analogs; and iib) a compound that reduces the dendritic cells' ability to activate na?ve CD4+ Tcells, such as a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, a CTLA-4 compound or a TNF alpha inhibitor. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical kits and to medical use of beta cell autoantigens.

The present disclosure provides methods, compositions, apparatuses and kits comprising ALDC enzymes having a better stability and/or activity, and, optionally, the yield of ALDC enzymes which can be recovered from microorganisms is improved. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides methods, apparatuses, compositions and kits for the use of metal ions to increase stability and/or activity, and which further can be used to recover the enzymes from microorganisms in improved yields.