Disclosed herein are a transformed Synechococcus elongatus strain having improved capability of producing acetone and a method for producing acetone and a method for removing carbon dioxide using the same. In an aspect, the transformed Synechococcus elongatus strain of the present disclosure can produce acetone with high selectivity using carbon dioxide as a carbon source. The present disclosure is economical because the Synechococcus elongatus strain can economically produce high value-added acetone using carbon dioxide existing in the atmosphere as a carbon source without requiring an additional catalytic reaction. Also, the present disclosure is environment-friendly because carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can be removed or reduced using the microorganism.

The present invention relates to Saccharomyces sp. capable of producing lactic acid with a decreased activity of pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) and increased activities of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALD) and acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS), and a method of producing lactic acid from the culture medium obtained by culturing the microorganism.

Methods are provided for biological conversion of anhydrosugars, such as anhydrosugars found in a pyrolysis oil, to fatty acid alkyl esters. The methods can include use of a genetically modified Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria that can convert levoglucosan and/or other anhydrosugars into fatty acid alkyl esters without requiring formation and conversion of an intermediate compound external to the bacteria. Optionally, the methods can be used in combination with methods for production and/or separation of increased amounts of levoglucosan from pyrolysis of biomass.

The present invention relates to yeast cells producing high levels of acetoacetyl-CoA. It also relates to a method for making such yeast cells and to the use of such yeast cells in a method for producing acetyl-CoA derived products.

The present invention relates to carbon fixation systems, wherein an inorganic carbon source is converted to acetyl-CoA. A system for the generation of acetyl-Coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), comprising components necessary for the biochemical conversion of an inorganic carbon source into acetyl-CoA, wherein said components comprise: i. a source of reducing equivalents; ii. a light-dependent ion pump that generates an electrochemical ion gradient independently of the generation of reducing equivalents; and iii. a redox-dependent ion pump that generates an electrochemical ion gradient independently of a net change in the number of reducing equivalents.

The present invention relates to a cell for producing acyl glycinates wherein the cell is genetically modified to comprise at least a first genetic mutation that increases the expression relative to the wild type cell of an amino acid-N-acyl-transferase, at least a second genetic mutation that increases the expression relative to the wild type cell of an acyl-CoA synthetase, and at least a third genetic mutation that decreases the expression relative to the wild type cell of at least one enzyme selected from the group consisting of an enzyme of the glycine cleavage system, glycine hydroxymethyltransferase (GlyA) and threonine aldolase (LtaE).

The invention refers to fungal cells, and especially to oleaginous fungal cells that have been genetically modified to produce enzymes of the pyruvate dehydrogenase bypass route to enhance their lipid production. Especially the cells are modified to overexpress genes encoding pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALD) and/or acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS), optionally together with a gene encoding diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DAT), or to express genes encoding PDC together with ALD and/or ACS. Methods of producing lipids, biofuels and lubricants using the modified fungi are also disclosed as well as expression cassettes useful therein. A new enzyme having phosholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT) activity and a polynucleotide encoding it are also disclosed, which are useful in the lipid production. A recombinant Cryptococcus cell and its construction is described.

The present invention relates to 25 hitherto undescribed genes of B. licheniformis and gene products derived thereform and all sufficiently homologous nucleic acids and proteins thereof. They occur in five different metabolic pathways for the formation of odorous substances. The metabolic pathways in question are for the synthesis of: 1) isovalerian acid (as part of the catabolism of leucine), 2) 2-methylbutyric acid and/or isobutyric acid (as part of the catabolism of valine and/or isoleucine), 3) butanol and/or butyric acid (as part of the metabolism of butyric acid), 4) propyl acid (as part of the metabolism of propionate) and/or 5) cadaverine and/or putrescine (as parts of the catabolism of lysine and/or arginine). The identification of these genes allows biotechnological production methods to be developed that are improved to the extent that, to assist these nucleic acids, the formation of the odorous substances synthesised via these metabolic pathways can be reduced by deactivating the corresponding genes in the micro-organism used for the biotechnological production. In addition, these gene products are thus available for preparing reactions or for methods according to their respective biochemical properties.

Provided herein are enzymes, cells, and methods to optimize the production of cannabinoids in micro-organisms.

Described herein is the fermentative production of fine chemicals, notably itaconate or itaconic acid, including production microorganisms, fermentation compositions and media, proteins useful in the production of the products, and nucleic acids for expression of such proteins, as well as methods for the production of fine chemicals.