The present disclosure relates to a method of enzymatically repairing RNAs that are nicked or at least partially cleaved. The method comprises providing a biological sample containing RNAs that are nicked or at least partially cleaved; purifying the nicked or at least partially cleaved RNAs contained in the biological sample, under a non-denaturing condition, to remove non-RNA components; and treating the purified RNAs with at least one of the following: (i) one or more enzymes that exhibit the activity of an RNA 3 phosphatase or cyclic phosphatase and the activity of an RNA 5 kinase, and an RNA ligase, or (ii) a 3-5 RNA ligase, thereby forming repaired RNAs from the nicked or at least partially cleaved RNA. The present disclosure also relates to a method of detecting RNAs by enzymatically repairing RNAs that are nicked or at least partially cleaved, and detecting the repaired RNAs.

This disclosure relates to methods for increasing capture efficiency of a spatial array using rolling circle amplification of a padlock probe that hybridizes to a capture probe. Also provided are methods for using such spatial arrays to detect a biological analyte in a biological sample.

A method produces a hairpin single-stranded RNA molecule capable of inhibiting expression of a target gene, the method including: (i) an annealing step of annealing a first single-stranded oligoRNA molecule and a second single-stranded oligoRNA molecule; and (ii) a ligation step of ligating 3 end of the first single-stranded oligoRNA molecule and 5 end of the second single-stranded oligoRNA molecule by an Rn12 family ligase, wherein a sequence produced by ligating the first single-stranded oligoRNA molecule and the second single-stranded oligoRNA molecule includes a gene expression-inhibiting sequence for the target gene.

The present disclosure relates to engineered RNA ligase polypeptides and compositions thereof, as well as polynucleotides encoding the engineered RNA ligase polypeptides. The present disclosure also provides methods of using the engineered RNA ligase polypeptides or compositions thereof for molecular biological, diagnostic, and other purposes.

This disclosure relates to methods for increasing capture efficiency of a spatial array using rolling circle amplification of a padlock probe that hybridizes to a capture probe. Also provided are methods for using such spatial arrays to detect a biological analyte in a biological sample.

The disclosure provides methods, compositions, systems, and kits for the concurrent detection and analysis of different structural and chemical forms of nucleic acids in a sample.

Disclosed herein are modified niRNAs and modified non-coding RNAs with poly(A) tails containing modified nucleotides and/or secondary structures, which may be made by ligation of a tailing nucleic acid onto the 3 terminal end of an RNA. Also provided are compositions comprising one or more modified mRNAs or modified non-coding RNAs provided herein, and methods of using said compositions for therapeutic or agricultural applications.

The invention relates to novel processes using enzymes for the production of oligonucleotides, wherein said processes are suitable for use in the production of chemically modified oligonucleotides, such as those for use in therapy.

Provided are methods for editing RNA by introducing a deaminase-recruiting RNA in a host cell for deamination of an adenosine in a target RNA. Further provided are deaminase-recruiting RNAs used in the RNA editing methods and compositions and kits comprising the same.

The disclosure provides methods, compositions, systems, and kits for the concurrent detection and analysis of different structural and chemical forms of nucleic acids in a sample.