Essentially carbohydrate-free, protein-based pizza crusts and methods for preparing the same are disclosed herein. The organoleptic properties of the disclosed pizza crusts preferably resemble the organoleptic properties of traditional baked goods and are substantially different from the organoleptic properties of traditional meat products. The disclosed pizza crusts comprise a meat or nut flour, a flavor-masking spice, salt, and a vegetable, fruit, or plant-based oil or an oil based spray. The disclosed pizza crusts preferably resemble traditional pizza crusts in both appearance and taste.

Essentially carbohydrate-free, protein-based pizza crusts and methods for preparing the same are disclosed herein. The organoleptic properties of the disclosed pizza crusts preferably resemble the organoleptic properties of traditional baked goods and are substantially different from the organoleptic properties of traditional meat products. The disclosed pizza crusts comprise a meat or nut flour, a flavor-masking spice, salt, and a vegetable, fruit, or plant-based oil or an oil based spray. The disclosed pizza crusts preferably resemble traditional pizza crusts in both appearance and taste.

The invention provides novel microalgal food compositions comprising microalgal biomass that have been processed into flakes, powders and flours. The microalgal biomass of the invention is low in saturated fats, high in monounsaturated triglyceride oil and can be a good source of fiber. The invention also comprises microalgal biomass that is suitable as a vegetarian protein source and also as a good source of fiber. Novel methods of formulating food compositions with the microalgal biomass of the invention are also disclosed herein including beverages, baked goods, egg products, reduced fat foods and gluten-free foods. The provision of food compositions incorporating the microalgal biomass of the invention to ahuman have the further benefit of providing healthful ingredients while achieving levels of satiety sufficient to reduce further caloric intake. The invention also provides novel strains of microalgae that have been subject to non-transgenic methods of mutation sufficient to reduce the coloration of the biomass produced by the strains. Oil from the microalgal biomass can be extracted and is an edible oil that is heart-healthy. The novel microalgal biomass and oil therefrom can be manufactured from edible and inedible heterotrophic fermentation feedstocks, including corn starch, sugar cane, glycerol, and depolymerized cellulose that are purpose-grown or byproducts of existing agricultural processes from an extremely broad diversity of geographic regions.

Baking ingredients that can be used as a fat replacement in dough compositions and baked goods are described. Baking ingredients include a thermo-reversible hydrocolloid and can be included in a dough composition or layered with a laminated dough. The baking ingredients lead to improved flavor, improved appearance, improved texture, and improved lubricity in reduced fat bakery products. Methods of making and using baking ingredients are also described.

Methods to produce cannabis plants are described, the methods include growing the cannabis plants in a growing medium within an interior of an enclosure by providing a common reservoir including water, and transferring the water from the common reservoir to the cannabis plants within the interior of the enclosure, the water within the common reservoir includes, fish, treated water, evaporator condensate, and a microorganism. Methods to asexually clone, harvest, trim, grind, and heat the cannabis plants are also described.

Methods to produce cannabis plants are described, the methods include growing the cannabis plants in a growing medium within an interior of an enclosure by providing a common reservoir including water, and transferring the water from the common reservoir to the cannabis plants within the interior of the enclosure, the water within the common reservoir includes, fish, treated water, evaporator condensate, and a microorganism. Methods to asexually clone, harvest, trim, grind, and heat the cannabis plants are also described.

An essentially carbohydrate-free., protein-based flour substitute and methods for preparing the same are disclosed herein. The flour substitute may be used to make pizza crusts, chips, taco shells, tortillas, crackers, sandwich thins, and other food products that are traditionally flour-based. The organoleptic properties of the disclosed flour substitute preferably resemble the organoleptic properties of traditional baked goods and are substantially different from the organoleptic properties of traditional meat products. The disclosed flour substitute comprises a meat or nut flour, a flavor-masking spice, salt, and a vegetable, fruit, or plant-based oil or an oil-based spray. The disclosed flour substitute is used to make substitute food products that preferably resemble, in both appearance and taste, the traditional food products that the substitute food products are replacing. The flour substitute is preferably fiber-free and does not contain any other non-digestible carbohydrates. Methods of preparing the disclosed flour substitute are also disclosed herein.

An essentially carbohydrate-free., protein-based flour substitute and methods for preparing the same are disclosed herein. The flour substitute may be used to make pizza crusts, chips, taco shells, tortillas, crackers, sandwich thins, and other food products that are traditionally flour-based. The organoleptic properties of the disclosed flour substitute preferably resemble the organoleptic properties of traditional baked goods and are substantially different from the organoleptic properties of traditional meat products. The disclosed flour substitute comprises a meat or nut flour, a flavor-masking spice, salt, and a vegetable, fruit, or plant-based oil or an oil-based spray. The disclosed flour substitute is used to make substitute food products that preferably resemble, in both appearance and taste, the traditional food products that the substitute food products are replacing. The flour substitute is preferably fiber-free and does not contain any other non-digestible carbohydrates. Methods of preparing the disclosed flour substitute are also disclosed herein.

Methods of production of edible filamentous fungal biomat formulations are provided as standalone protein sources and/or protein ingredients in foodstuffs as well as a one-time use or repeated use self-contained biomat reactor comprising a container with at least one compartment and placed within the compartment(s), a feedstock, a fungal inoculum, a gas-permeable membrane, and optionally a liquid nutrient medium.

Methods of production of edible filamentous fungal biomat formulations are provided as standalone protein sources and/or protein ingredients in foodstuffs as well as a one-time use or repeated use self-contained biomat reactor comprising a container with at least one compartment and placed within the compartment(s), a feedstock, a fungal inoculum, a gas-permeable membrane, and optionally a liquid nutrient medium.