The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy and concerns a device for chlorinating titanium-containing material in a solution of chloride salts. The technical effect of the invention is an increase in the service life of the device and a reduction in raw material losses. This technical effect is achieved by means of the proposed device for chlorinating titanium-containing material in a solution of chloride salts, comprising a housing, a lined upper cylindrical chamber for a gas-vapour mixture, a lined chlorinating chamber in the shape of an inverted truncated cone, the generatrix of which is inclined at an angle of 15-25° to the axis of the chamber, graphite electrodes, a hearth, tuyeres, chlorine feed lines, and a feedstock charging assembly, wherein the housing is provided with reinforcing ribs in the region of the chlorinating chamber and of an upper drainage pocket.

The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy and concerns a device for chlorinating titanium-containing material in a solution of chloride salts. The technical effect of the invention is an increase in the service life of the device and a reduction in raw material losses. This technical effect is achieved by means of the proposed device for chlorinating titanium-containing material in a solution of chloride salts, comprising a housing, a lined upper cylindrical chamber for a gas-vapour mixture, a lined chlorinating chamber in the shape of an inverted truncated cone, the generatrix of which is inclined at an angle of 15-25° to the axis of the chamber, graphite electrodes, a hearth, tuyeres, chlorine feed lines, and a feedstock charging assembly, wherein the housing is provided with reinforcing ribs in the region of the chlorinating chamber and of an upper drainage pocket.

The present application relates to a process for the purification of waste materials or industrial by-products, the process comprising the steps of: a) Preparing a composition (C) by blending or mixing waste materials or industrial by-products comprising chlorine (B) with one or more materials comprising heavy metals (HM) b) Reacting (B) and (HM) by thermal treatment of (C) c) Separating evaporated heavy metal chloride compounds (HMCC) d) Obtaining a solid material after the thermal treatment step.

The present application relates to a process for the purification of waste materials or industrial by-products, the process comprising the steps of: a) Preparing a composition (C) by blending or mixing waste materials or industrial by-products comprising chlorine (B) with one or more materials comprising heavy metals (HM) b) Reacting (B) and (HM) by thermal treatment of (C) c) Separating evaporated heavy metal chloride compounds (HMCC) d) Obtaining a solid material after the thermal treatment step.

The present invention relates to the recovery of rare earths, scandium, niobium, tantalum, zirconium, hafnium, titanium, and the like from ores or concentrates containing fluorine. More specifically, the ores or concentrates are pretreated by carbochlorination to convert the rare earths and other metals into their chlorides and then subjected to dilute hydrochloric acid leaching to recover the valuable rare earths and other metals from the leachate. Niobium, tantalum, zirconium, hafnium, and titanium can be recovered as their chlorides or oxychlorides from the gaseous products of carbochlorination, or converted into their oxides while simultaneously regenerating chlorine.

The present invention relates to the recovery of rare earths, scandium, niobium, tantalum, zirconium, hafnium, titanium, and the like from ores or concentrates containing fluorine. More specifically, the ores or concentrates are pretreated by carbochlorination to convert the rare earths and other metals into their chlorides and then subjected to dilute hydrochloric acid leaching to recover the valuable rare earths and other metals from the leachate. Niobium, tantalum, zirconium, hafnium, and titanium can be recovered as their chlorides or oxychlorides from the gaseous products of carbochlorination, or converted into their oxides while simultaneously regenerating chlorine.

The present application relates to a process for the purification of waste materials or industrial by-products, the process comprising the steps of: a) Preparing a composition (C) by blending or mixing waste materials or industrial by-products comprising chlorine (B) with one or more materials comprising heavy metals (HM) b) Reacting (B) and (HM) by thermal treatment of (C) c) Separating evaporated heavy metal chloride compounds (HMCC) d) Obtaining a solid material after the thermal treatment step.

The present application relates to a process for the purification of waste materials or industrial by-products, the process comprising the steps of: a) Preparing a composition (C) by blending or mixing waste materials or industrial by-products comprising chlorine (B) with one or more materials comprising heavy metals (HM) b) Reacting (B) and (HM) by thermal treatment of (C) c) Separating evaporated heavy metal chloride compounds (HMCC) d) Obtaining a solid material after the thermal treatment step.

A vanadium recovery approach utilizes oil fly ash (OFA), in contrast to coal fly ash, for separation and recovery of vanadium. OFA is first carbon burned to reduce the volume for recycling, and also to provide a fuel for other industrial processes. Following an almost 90% weight reduction from carbon burning, the remaining material includes about 18% vanadium. A salt roasting performed at the same temperature (about 650 C.) as the carbon burning allows use of the same oven or furnace, reducing heat requirements for the overall process. Salt roasting generates a water-soluble material from which a water leaching process yields a vanadium leach solution containing recovered vanadium, avoiding a need for caustic or volatile leaching agents. Ammonium metavanadate is precipitated from the vanadium leach solution through addition of ammonium sulfate, and a calcination process used to generate vanadium oxide (V.sub.2O.sub.5).

A vanadium recovery approach utilizes oil fly ash (OFA), in contrast to coal fly ash, for separation and recovery of vanadium. OFA is first carbon burned to reduce the volume for recycling, and also to provide a fuel for other industrial processes. Following an almost 90% weight reduction from carbon burning, the remaining material includes about 18% vanadium. A salt roasting performed at the same temperature (about 650 C.) as the carbon burning allows use of the same oven or furnace, reducing heat requirements for the overall process. Salt roasting generates a water-soluble material from which a water leaching process yields a vanadium leach solution containing recovered vanadium, avoiding a need for caustic or volatile leaching agents. Ammonium metavanadate is precipitated from the vanadium leach solution through addition of ammonium sulfate, and a calcination process used to generate vanadium oxide (V.sub.2O.sub.5).