The present disclosure relates to a metal oxide reduction method and, specifically, to a metal oxide reduction method which, in producing a high-grade alloy metal using a metal oxide as a raw material, enables operation in the atmosphere by moving away from an existing production process in an inert gas atmosphere, and is easy to commercialize and can maximize efficiency, as an eco-friendly method is used.

This invention relates to a method for controlling exothermic reactions between metal chlorides of Zn, V, Cr, Co, Sn, Ag, Ta, Ni, Fe, Nb Cu, Pt, W, Pd, and Mo, and Al and the use of the method for preparation of metallic alloys and compounds based on base metals Zn, V, Cr, Co, Sn, Ag, Ta, Ni, Fe, Nb Cu, Pt, W, Pd, and Mo. The method provides for a mixture of precursor chemicals including at least one solid base metal chloride to be mixed and reacted exothermically with a control powder based on Zn, V, Cr, Co, Sn, Ag, Ta, Ni, Fe, Nb Cu, Pt, W, Pd, and Mo and then reacting the resulting intermediates with an Al scavenger. Reduction is carried out in a controlled manner to regulate reaction rates and prevent excessive rise in the temperature of the reactants and the reaction products.

This invention relates to a method for controlling exothermic reactions between metal chlorides of Zn, V, Cr, Co, Sn, Ag, Ta, Ni, Fe, Nb Cu, Pt, W, Pd, and Mo, and Al and the use of the method for preparation of metallic alloys and compounds based on base metals Zn, V, Cr, Co, Sn, Ag, Ta, Ni, Fe, Nb Cu, Pt, W, Pd, and Mo. The method provides for a mixture of precursor chemicals including at least one solid base metal chloride to be mixed and reacted exothermically with a control powder based on Zn, V, Cr, Co, Sn, Ag, Ta, Ni, Fe, Nb Cu, Pt, W, Pd, and Mo and then reacting the resulting intermediates with an Al scavenger. Reduction is carried out in a controlled manner to regulate reaction rates and prevent excessive rise in the temperature of the reactants and the reaction products.

A molten salt electrolyzer having a metal collection chamber, an electrolysis chamber, and two or more electrolytic cell units positioned in the electrolysis chamber. Each electrolytic cell unit has a cathode having an inner space in a prism form; at least one bipolar electrode in a rectangular cylinder form and disposed in the cathode inner space; and an anode in a prism form and disposed in an inner space of the bipolar electrode. At least part of individual planes forming an outer side of the bipolar electrode closest to the cathode faces a plane forming the prism-form inner space of the cathode. At least part of individual planes forming the inner side of the bipolar electrode closest to the anode faces a plane forming the prism of the anode. At least one plane of the cathode constitutes one plane of a cathode of another electrolytic cell unit.

A molten salt electrolyzer having a metal collection chamber, an electrolysis chamber, and two or more electrolytic cell units positioned in the electrolysis chamber. Each electrolytic cell unit has a cathode having an inner space in a prism form; at least one bipolar electrode in a rectangular cylinder form and disposed in the cathode inner space; and an anode in a prism form and disposed in an inner space of the bipolar electrode. At least part of individual planes forming an outer side of the bipolar electrode closest to the cathode faces a plane forming the prism-form inner space of the cathode. At least part of individual planes forming the inner side of the bipolar electrode closest to the anode faces a plane forming the prism of the anode. At least one plane of the cathode constitutes one plane of a cathode of another electrolytic cell unit.

Method embodiments useful for recycling spent lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrodes to extract critical and/or valuable elements from LIBs are provided and involve mechanochemical processing of spent LIB electrodes in the presence of certain chemical agents to recover products that can include, but are not limited to, metallic solids such as elemental metals or metal alloys, and/or inorganic compounds, metal salts, or organometallic derivatives. The desired products can be separated from by-products and contaminants and further processed into LIB electrode materials or/and other substances.

The present invention relates to a method and device for preparing an ultrathin metal lithium foil. With regard to the problems of lithium preparation processes in the prior art having a high lithium preparation reaction temperature, a low lithium recovery rate, low purity in collected lithium foils, a complicated process operation, etc., the present invention provides a method for preparing an ultrathin metal lithium foil, wherein firstly, a complex lithium salt is prepared, the complex lithium salt and a reducing agent are then subjected to a vacuum thermal reduction reaction so as to generate a metal vapor, the metal vapor is then subjected to vacuum distillation, and finally, vacuum evaporation is used to prepare the ultrathin metal lithium foil of the present invention. In the present invention, by precisely regulating and controlling conditions such as the formulation of the complex lithium salt, the thermal reduction reaction temperature, the temperature of a distillation device, the vacuum degree, materials and the reducing agent, vacuum reduction, vacuum distillation and vacuum evaporation are continuously performed, and lithium preparation, distillation purification, and evaporation can thus be continuously performed, thereby improving the efficiency of the production of the ultrathin metal lithium foil and saving on preparation costs.

The present invention relates to a method and device for preparing an ultrathin metal lithium foil. With regard to the problems of lithium preparation processes in the prior art having a high lithium preparation reaction temperature, a low lithium recovery rate, low purity in collected lithium foils, a complicated process operation, etc., the present invention provides a method for preparing an ultrathin metal lithium foil, wherein firstly, a complex lithium salt is prepared, the complex lithium salt and a reducing agent are then subjected to a vacuum thermal reduction reaction so as to generate a metal vapor, the metal vapor is then subjected to vacuum distillation, and finally, vacuum evaporation is used to prepare the ultrathin metal lithium foil of the present invention. In the present invention, by precisely regulating and controlling conditions such as the formulation of the complex lithium salt, the thermal reduction reaction temperature, the temperature of a distillation device, the vacuum degree, materials and the reducing agent, vacuum reduction, vacuum distillation and vacuum evaporation are continuously performed, and lithium preparation, distillation purification, and evaporation can thus be continuously performed, thereby improving the efficiency of the production of the ultrathin metal lithium foil and saving on preparation costs.

The invention relates to a method for preparing high-melting-point metal powder through multi-stage deep reduction, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of powder. The method includes the following steps of mixing dried high-melting-point metal oxide powder with magnesium powder and performing a self-propagating reaction, placing an intermediate product into a closed reaction kettle, leaching the intermediate product with hydrochloric acid as a leaching solution so as to obtain a low-valence oxide Me.sub.xO precursor of the low-valence high-melting-point metal; uniformly mixing the precursor with calcium powder, pressing the mixture, placing the pressed mixture into a vacuum reduction furnace, heating the vacuum reduction furnace to 700-1200 C., performing deep reduction for 1-6 h, leaching a deep reduction product with hydrochloric acid as a leaching solution and performing treatment, so as to obtain the high-melting-point metal powder.

The present invention provides a method for preparing ferrovanadium alloys based on aluminothermic self-propagating gradient reduction and slag washing refining. The method includes the steps of (1) performing aluminothermic self-propagating gradient reduction; (2) performing heat preserving and smelting to obtain an upper layer alumina-based slag and a lower layer alloy melt; (3) jetting refining slags into the lower layer alloy melt, and performing stirring and slag washing refining; and (4) cooling the refined high-temperature melt to room temperature, and removing an upper layer smelting slag to obtain the ferrovanadium alloys.