The present description relates to a process for producing magnesium metal from dihydrate magnesium chloride comprising the steps of dehydrating MgCI.sub.2.2H.sub.2O with anhydrous hydrochloric acid (HCI) to obtain anhydrous magnesium chloride in an inert environment, releasing the mixture of hydrous HCI and protection gas; and electrolyzing the anhydrous magnesium chloride in an electrolytic cell fed with hydrogen gas under free oxygen atmosphere content, wherein magnesium metal and anhydrous hydrogen chloride are produced, wherein a part of the hydrous HCI is passed through a scrubbing unit to obtain a hydrochloric acid solution, the other part of the hydrochloric chloride gas is dehydrated by contact with a desiccant agent in a drying unit to produce anhydrous HCI, and wherein the anhydrous HCI produced by at least one of the electrolytic cell and the drying unit is reused to dehydrate the of MgCI.sub.2.2H.sub.2O.

Materials and methods for precious metal recovery are disclosed. Usable leaching solutions are preferably aqueous based and include appropriate materials in sufficient quantities to solubilize and stabilize precious metal. Such materials typically include oxidant material. Some or all of the oxidant material can be, in some instances, generated in-situ. The leaching solution is typically contacted with a substrate having a target precious metal, thereby solubilizing precious metal to form a stable, pregnant solution. The precious metal can then be recovered from the pregnant solution. In some instances, components of the leaching solution can be regenerated and reused in subsequent leaching.

A method for extracting palladium includes: (1) mixing a palladium-containing material with nitric acid and an alkali metal ion-containing catalyst to obtain a mixed solution, heating the mixed solution, and removing a resulting residue to obtain a palladium-containing leaching liquor; and (2) subjecting the palladium-containing leaching liquor obtained in step (1) to separative extraction to obtain metallic palladium or at least one palladium-containing product, and reusing a residual solution for step (1) in a subsequent extraction. The alkali metal ion-containing catalyst of the present disclosure can leach palladium at a higher rate than that when pure nitric acid of the same concentration is used and does not volatilize, such that the recycling of a mother liquor can be realized. The method involves simple operations, has low production costs, greatly shortens the palladium extraction time, does not lead to secondary pollution, and meets the requirements of environmental protection.

Disclosed is a method for recycling a hydrogen fuel cell of a new energy vehicle, including the following steps of: (1) discharging and disassembling a hydrogen fuel cell in turn to obtain a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system, a cooling system and a galvanic pile; (2) disassembling the galvanic pile into a catalyst and carbon cloth, and ashing to obtain ash; (3) adding an auxiliary agent into the ash, mixing, introducing inert gas, heating, introducing oxidizing gas, and absorbing tail gas by using an ammonium salt solution; and (4) adding a reducing agent into the ammonium salt solution absorbing the tail gas in step (3) to react, filtering, taking and cleaning a filter residue to obtain Pt.

A method for producing a mixed metal solution containing manganese ions and at least one of cobalt ions and nickel ions, the method including: an Al removal step of subjecting an acidic solution containing at least manganese ions and aluminum ions, and at least one of cobalt ions and nickel ions, to removal of the aluminum ions by extracting the aluminum ions into a solvent while leaving at least a part of the manganese ions in the acidic solution in an aqueous phase, the acidic solution being obtained by subjecting battery powder of lithium ion batteries to a leaching step; and a metal extraction step of bringing an extracted residual liquid obtained in the Al removal step to an equilibrium pH of 6.5 to 7.5 using a solvent containing a carboxylic acid-based extracting agent, extracting at least one of the manganese ions and at least one of the cobalt ions and the nickel ions into the solvent, and then back-extracting the manganese ions and at least one of the cobalt ions and nickel ions.

Cathode material from exhausted lithium ion batteries are dissolved in a solution for extracting the useful elements Co (cobalt), Ni (nickel), Al (Aluminum) and Mn (manganese) to produce active cathode materials for new batteries. The solution includes compounds of desirable materials such as cobalt, nickel, aluminum and manganese dissolved as compounds from the exhausted cathode material of spent cells. Depending on a desired proportion, or ratio, of the desired materials, raw materials are added to the solution to achieve the desired ratio of the commingled compounds for the recycled cathode material for new cells. The desired materials precipitate out of solution without extensive heating or separation of the desired materials into individual compounds or elements. The resulting active cathode material has the predetermined ratio for use in new cells, and avoids high heat typically required to separate the useful elements because the desired materials remain commingled in solution.

Various embodiments provide a leaching solution monitoring module comprising a first leaching solution distribution system interface, a flow meter in fluid communication with the first leaching solution distribution system interface, the flow meter in fluid communication a 3-way pressure regulator, and a second leaching solution distribution system interface in fluid communication with the 3-way pressure regulator.

A system for recovering rare earth elements from coal ash includes a leaching reactor, an ash dryer downstream of the leaching reactor, and a roaster downstream of the ash dryer that is cooperatively connected to both the leaching reactor and the ash dryer. Coal ash is mixed with an acid stream such that rare earth elements present in the coal ash are dissolved in the acid stream, thereby creating (i) a leachate containing the rare earth elements and (ii) leached ash. The leachate is heated to obtain acid vapor and an acid-soluble rare earth concentrate. Mixing of the coal ash with the acid stream can occur in a leaching reactor and heating of the leachate can occur in a roaster. The acid-soluble rare earth concentrate can be fed to a hydrometallurgical process to separate and purify the rare earth elements.

Integrated recycling method and processes including recycling spent catalyst to produce one or more water-soluble metal salts and one or more water-insoluble tail byproducts, and recycling rechargeable batteries to produce one or more battery-grade metals and one or more pure metallic byproducts, wherein the water insoluble tail byproduct is a feedstock in recycling the rechargeable batteries, the impure metallic byproduct is a feedstock in recycling the spent catalyst, or both.

A method for recovering Vanadium from a secondary source such as fly ash. Leaching is involved using single or combined acids such as hydrochloric and sulfuric in a temperature range of 20° C. and 100° C. The leaching is performed in sequential operations with recovery of Vanadium in the range of 92%. The recovered Vanadium can be formulated into an electrolyte for redox batteries