A product includes a material having: nickel and at least one rare earth element. The at least one rare earth element is present in the material in a weight percentage in a range of about 2% to about 20% relative to a total weight of the material. A method includes forming a material comprising an alloy of nickel and at least one rare earth element. The at least one rare earth element is present in the material in a weight percentage in a range of about 2% to about 20% relative to a total weight of the material.

The production method of a Ni-based alloy according to the present embodiment includes: a casting step of casting a liquid alloy which is a raw material of the Ni-based alloy to produce a Ni-based alloy starting material; and a segregation reducing step of performing, on the Ni-based alloy starting material produced by the casting step, heat treatment, or the heat treatment and complex treatment including hot working and heat treatment after the hot working, to satisfy Formula (1): where, each symbol in Formula (1) is as follows:

[00001]$\begin{array}{cc}{V}_R^{-0.294}1.27{10}^3.Math..Math.\underset{n=1}{\overset{N}{.Math.}}.Math..Math.\sqrt{{\left(1-\frac{{\mathrm{Rd}}_{n-1}}{100}\right)}^{-1}.Math.\exp \left(\frac{-2.89{10}^4}{T_n+273}\right).Math.t_n}& \left(1\right)\end{array}$ V.sub.R: Solidification cooling rate ( C./min) of the liquid alloy, T.sub.n: Holding temperature ( C.) in the n-th heat treatment, t.sub.n: Holding time (hr) at the holding temperature in the n-th heat treatment, Rd.sub.n-1: Cumulative area reduction ratio (%) of the Ni-based alloy starting material before the n-th heat treatment, and N: Total number of the heat treatment.

A method for manufacturing a super-refractory nickel-based alloy with a constituent composition such that the gamma-prime average precipitation quantity at 700 C. is at least 35 mol % includes a preparation step in which a material with a crystal grain diameter of 200 m or less is manufactured by hot extrusion and a processing step in which this material is subjected to cold plastic processing with a processing rate of at least 30%. The cold plastic processing can be performed a plurality of times with a cumulative processing rate of at least 30%, and heat treatment is not performed between instances of cold plastic processing. The super-refractory nickel-based alloy can have a linear organization of a gamma phase and a gamma-prime phase or can include a carbide aggregated in an isometric crystal organization that includes a gamma phase and a gamma-prime phase.

A steel sheet for containers including a steel sheet, a Sn coated layer that is formed on at least one surface of the steel sheet, and a chemical treatment layer that is formed on the Sn coated layer. A variation amount in a yellowness index measured at one measurement point on the outermost surface of the chemical treatment layer is defined as YI, and represented by YI=YIYI.sub.0, wherein YI is the yellowness index measured after the steel sheet for containers is subjected to a retort treatment at a temperature of 130 C. for 5 hours, and YI.sub.0 is the yellowness index measured before the retort treatment. An average of absolute values of the YI obtained at a plurality of measurement points included in a unit area of the outermost surface is 5.0 or less.

A corrosion-resistant nickel alloy, a preparation method thereof and, and a use thereof are provided. The alloy includes the following components in percentage by mass: 4.68-5.35% of B, 5.69-6.41% of W, 27.68-28.39% of Cr, 12.65-13.42% of Al, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities. The alloy disclosed by the present invention is a NiWB ternary alloy with main components of Ni, W and B, wherein the three elements have strong high-temperature corrosion resistance at a temperature of about 600 C., and have the potential of solid solution hardening and precipitate formation because all belong to solid solution forming elements, so that a creep strength of a nickel alloy matrix is improved. Meanwhile, Al and Cr are further added in the alloy formula, so that Al.sub.2O.sub.3 and Cr.sub.2O.sub.3 oxide layers can be formed, which play a role as a physical diffusion barrier against chlorine gas and other corrosive gases.

Provided is a CoNi-based alloy in which a crystal is easily controlled, a method of controlling a crystal of a CoNi-based alloy, a method of producing a CoNi-based alloy, and a CoNi-based alloy having controlled crystallinity. The CoNi-based alloy includes Co, Ni, Cr, and Mo, in which the CoNi-based alloy has a crystal texture in which a Goss orientation is a main orientation. The CoNi-based alloy preferably has a composition including, in terms of mass ratio: 28 to 42% of Co, 10 to 27% of Cr, 3 to 12% of Mo, 15 to 40% of Ni, 0.1 to 1% of Ti, 1.5% or less of Mn, 0.1 to 26% of Fe, 0.1% or less of C, and an inevitable impurity; and at least one kind selected from the group consisting of 3% or less of Nb, 5% or less of W, 0.5% or less of Al, 0.1% or less of Zr, and 0.01% or less of B.

A precipitation strengthening AlCrFeNiV system high entropy alloy is composed of Al 0.30-0.60, Cr 0.20-0.89, Fe 0.60-1.20, Ni 1.50-3.50 and V 0.10-0.30 by weight ratio. The high entropy alloy is manufactured utilizing melting and casting, followed by deformation and heat treatment process.

Provided is a nickel material having excellent corrosion resistance and high strength, and a method for manufacturing the nickel material. A nickel material has a chemical composition consisting of, in mass %, C: 0.001 to 0.20%, Si: 0.15% or less, Mn: 0.50% or less, P: 0.030% or less, S: 0.010% or less, Cu: 0.10% or less, Mg: 0.15% or less, Ti: 0.005 to 1.0%, Nb: 0.040 to 1.0%, Fe: 0.40% or less, sol. Al: 0.01 to 0.10%, an N: 0.0010 to 0.080%, with the balance being Ni and impurities, and satisfying Formula (1) and Formula (2).
0.030( 45/48)Ti+( 5/93)Nb( 1/14)N<0.25(1)
0.030<( 3/48)Ti+( 88/93)Nb( 1/12)C(2) A content (mass %) of a corresponding element is substituted for each element symbol in Formula (1) and Formula (2).

A heterogeneous composition is disclosed, including an alloy mixture and a ceramic additive. The alloy mixture includes a first alloy having a first melting point of at least a first threshold temperature, and a second alloy having a second melting point of less than a second threshold temperature. The second threshold temperature is lower than the first threshold temperature. The first alloy, the second alloy, and the ceramic additive are intermixed with one another as distinct phases. An article is disclosed including a first portion including a material composition, and a second portion including the heterogeneous composition. A method for forming the article is disclosing, including applying the second portion to the first portion.

The novel nickel-base superalloy useful in an additive manufacturing process or a powder-based manufacturing process includes the following composition in wt %: Cr 8.0-8.5; Co 9.0-9.5; Mo 0.4-0.6; W 9.3-9.7; Ta 2.9-3.6; Al 4.9-5.6; Ti 0.2-1.0; Hf 0-0.05; C 0.005-0.03; B 0.005-0.02; Zr 0.005-0.1; Nb 0.2-1; Mn 0-0.6; and S 0-0.002 (20 ppm); the balance nickel and incidental elements and unavoidable impurities.