Provided are maraging steel alloys having improved microstructures. Some variations provide maraging steel alloys including a base maraging steel alloy, a grain refiner, and optionally, a strengthening element. The base maraging steel alloy is surface-functionalized with the grain refiner. Other variations provide a method of method of manufacturing maraging steel including mixing a base maraging steel alloy with a grain refiner resulting in a maraging steel mixture, melting the maraging steel mixture, and solidifying the maraging steel mixture forming an equiaxed microstructure.

An object of the present invention is to provide a low thermal expansion cast steel having a high yield strength at room temperature, a high rigidity, and a low coefficient of thermal expansion. The low thermal expansion cast steel of the present invention is obtained by suitably heat treating a cast steel comprising, by mass %, C: 0 to 0.1%, Si: 0 to 0.5%, Mn: 0 to 0.5%, S: 0 to 0.05%, Ni: 29.0 to 34.0%, Co: 0 to 8%, and a balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities so that the 0.2% proof stress becomes 350 MPa or more, the Young's modulus becomes 130 GPa or more, and the average coefficient of thermal expansion at 18 to 28° C. becomes 2.0×10.sup.−6/° C. or less.

Herein is provided a ferrous shape memory alloy (SMA) wire and processes for production of ferrous shape memory alloy wire that do not require crystallographic texturing processes to achieve superior superelastic and SMA wire properties. The shape memory alloy wire includes an elongated wire body with a longitudinal-axis length of iron alloy material and has a cross-sectional wire diameter that is less than about 1 millimeter. The iron alloy material has an oligocrystalline crystallographic morphology along the longitudinal-axis length. The iron alloy material has a ′-fcc crystallographic matrix and a volume fraction of ′-LH crystallographic precipitates in the ′-fee crystallographic matrix.

Method for manufacturing a thin strip in a soft magnetic alloy and strip obtained A method for manufacturing a strip in a soft magnetic alloy capable of being cut out mechanically, the chemical composition of which comprises by weight: TABLE-US-00001 18% ≤ Co ≤ 55% 0% ≤ V + W ≤ 3% 0% ≤ Cr ≤ 3% 0% ≤ Si ≤ 3% 0% ≤ Nb ≤ 0.5% 0% ≤ B ≤ 0.05% 0% ≤ C ≤ 0.1% 0% ≤ Zr + Ta ≤ 0.5% 0% ≤ Ni ≤ 5% 0% ≤ Mn ≤ 2% The remainder being iron and impurities resulting from the elaboration, according to which a strip obtained by hot rolling is cold-rolled in order to obtain a cold-rolled strip with a thickness of less than 0.6 mm. After cold rolling, a continuous annealing treatment is carried out by passing into a continuous oven, at a temperature comprised between the order/disorder transition temperature of the alloy and the onset temperature of ferritic/austenitic transformation of the alloy, followed by rapid cooling down to a temperature below 200° C. Strip obtained.

A bearing component such as a bearing ring includes a metallic base body and at least one alloy steel coating on the base body, the coating being applied to the base body by deposition welding. The base body is preferably non-alloy steel or cast iron, and the alloy includes at least one carbide-forming transition metal such as niobium, tantalum, zirconium, titanium, hafnium, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, or manganese. The coating can form a raceway of the bearing component or a structural element such as a flange. Also a method of forming such a bearing component is provided.

A vehicle window glass comprises a glass substrate layer, an electrically conductive layer forming a conductive pattern over the glass substrate, a lead-free solder layer on the conductive layer and a metal plate element of an electrical connector on the solder layer. Optionally a coloured ceramic band layer is sintered between the glass substrate layer and the conductive layer. The thickness of the metal plate element is between 0.5 mm and 0.7 mm.

An object of the present invention is to provide a low thermal expansion cast steel having sufficient strength even at a high temperature and a low coefficient of thermal expansion. The low thermal expansion cast steel of the present invention is obtained by suitably heat treating a cast steel comprising, by mass %, C: 0 to 0.10%, Si: 0 to 1.00%, Mn: 0 to 1.00%, Co: 13.00 to 17.50%, Ni satisfying −3.5×% Ni+118%≤Co−3.5×% Ni+121 (% Ni and %≤Co respectively represent the contents of Ni and Co (mass %)), and a balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities so that the 0.2% proof stress in a tensile test at 400° C. becomes 100 MPa or more, the average coefficient of thermal expansion at 25 to 350° C. becomes 6.0 ppm/° C. or less, and the Curie temperature becomes 350° C. or more.

An Fe-based alloy for melting-solidification shaping including, in mass %: 18.0≤Co<25.0; 12.0≤Mo+W/2≤20.0; 0.2≤Mn≤5.0; 0.5≤Ni≤10.0; and 0≤Si≤1.0, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and satisfying the following expressions (1) and (2) when [M] represents a content of an element M expressed in mass % basis, 58≤[Co]+3([Mo]+[W]/2)≤95 (1), A/B≥1.6 (2) where A=[Co]+[Ni]+3[Mn], and B=[Mo]+[W]/2+[Si], in which when the Fe-based alloy includes no Mo, the expressions (1) and (2) are calculated using [Mo]=0, when the Fe-based alloy includes no Si, the expression (2) is calculated using [Si]=0, and when the Fe-based alloy includes no W, the expressions (1) and (2) are calculated using [W]=0.

A low thermal expansion cast steel having a sufficient strength even at a high temperature and having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, that is, a low thermal expansion cast steel comprising, by mass %, C: 0 to 0.100%, Si: 0 to 1.00%, Mn: 0 to 1.00%, Co: 8.0 to 13.0%, and Ni satisfying −2.5×% Ni+85.5≤% Co≤−2.5×% Ni+90.5 (% Ni and % Co respectively being contents of Ni and Co (mass %)) and having a balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities and having, upon being subjected to suitable heat treatment, a 0.2% proof stress of a tensile test at 300° C. of 125 MPa or more, having an average coefficient of thermal expansion at 25 to 300° C. of 4.0 ppm/° C. or less, and having a Curie temperature of 250° C. or more.

Provided are a laminate shaped article made of a maraging steel and having excellent toughness, a method for manufacturing the same, and a metal powder for laminate shaping. The laminate shaped article is made of a maraging steel comprising 0.1-5.0 mass % of Ti. When sis is performed on concentration distribution of Ti in a cross section parallel to a lamination direction of the above laminate shaped article, a length of a linear Ti-rich portion having a Ti concentration B of (1.5×A) or more with respect to an average Ti concentration A in the cross section is 15 μm or less. In addition, the method for manufacturing the laminate shaped article uses a metal powder made of a maraging steel comprising 0.1-5.0 mass % of Ti, and a heat source output is set to 50-330 W and a scanning speed is set to 480-3000 mm/sec during the laminate shaping.