The present disclosure relates to a high-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having excellent surface quality and electrical resistance spot weldability, and a method for manufacturing the same. A galvanized steel sheet according to an aspect of the present disclosure is a galvanized steel sheet including a base steel sheet and a zinc-based plating layer formed on a surface of the base steel sheet, wherein a ratio (a/b) of a hardness of a surface layer portion (a) to a hardness of an internal portion (b) of the base steel sheet may be less than 0.95.

The present disclosure relates to a high-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having excellent surface quality and electrical resistance spot weldability, and a method for manufacturing the same. A galvanized steel sheet according to an aspect of the present disclosure is a galvanized steel sheet including a base steel sheet and a zinc-based plating layer formed on a surface of the base steel sheet, wherein a ratio (a/b) of a hardness of a surface layer portion (a) to a hardness of an internal portion (b) of the base steel sheet may be less than 0.95.

Provided herein is a high-strength seamless steel pipe, and a method for manufacturing same. A high-strength seamless steel pipe of the present invention has a steel microstructure with a prior austenite grain size of 11.0 or more in terms of a grain size number in compliance with ASTM E112, and has a yield strength of 862 MPa or more and 965 MPa or less.

Provided herein is a high-strength seamless steel pipe, and a method for manufacturing same. A high-strength seamless steel pipe of the present invention has a steel microstructure with a prior austenite grain size of 11.0 or more in terms of a grain size number in compliance with ASTM E112, and has a yield strength of 862 MPa or more and 965 MPa or less.

Provided is a hot rolled steel sheet having a predetermined chemical composition and a microstructure comprising, by area ratio, pearlite: 90 to 100% and pro-eutectoid ferrite: 0 to 10%, wherein the pearlite has an average lamellar spacing of 0.08 to 0.30 μm, and the percentage of cementite in the pearlite having a major axis length of more than 0.3 μm and an aspect ratio of less than 3.0 is less than 15%.

Provided is a hot rolled steel sheet having a predetermined chemical composition and a microstructure comprising, by area ratio, pearlite: 90 to 100% and pro-eutectoid ferrite: 0 to 10%, wherein the pearlite has an average lamellar spacing of 0.08 to 0.30 μm, and the percentage of cementite in the pearlite having a major axis length of more than 0.3 μm and an aspect ratio of less than 3.0 is less than 15%.

Provided is a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet that has excellent magnetic properties and can be manufactured by secondary recrystallization orientation control using coil annealing with high productivity. A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet comprises a specific chemical composition, wherein an average value of a deviation angle (α.sup.2+β.sup.2).sup.1/2 calculated from a deviation angle α from ideal Goss orientation around an ND rotation axis and a deviation angle β from ideal Goss orientation around a TD rotation axis is 5.0° or less, and an area ratio R.sub.β of crystal grains with β≤0.50° is 20% or less.

Provided is a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet that has excellent magnetic properties and can be manufactured by secondary recrystallization orientation control using coil annealing with high productivity. A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet comprises a specific chemical composition, wherein an average value of a deviation angle (α.sup.2+β.sup.2).sup.1/2 calculated from a deviation angle α from ideal Goss orientation around an ND rotation axis and a deviation angle β from ideal Goss orientation around a TD rotation axis is 5.0° or less, and an area ratio R.sub.β of crystal grains with β≤0.50° is 20% or less.

A high-strength galvanized steel sheet includes a steel sheet having a chemical composition containing a predetermined component element, a mass ratio of a content of Si to a content of Mn in the steel (Si/Mn) being 0.1 or more and less than 0.2, and the balance: Fe and incidental impurities, and a steel structure in which an average grain size of inclusions containing at least one of Al, Si, Mg, and Ca and existing in an area extending from a surface to a position of ⅓ of a sheet thickness is 50 μm or less, and an average nearest distance between ones of the inclusions is 20 μm or more; and a galvanized layer provided on a surface of the steel sheet, in which an amount of diffusible hydrogen contained in the steel is less than 0.25 mass ppm, and a tensile strength is 1100 MPa or more.

A martensitic stainless steel contains 0.20 mass %≤C≤0.60 mass %, 0.10 mass %≤N≤0.50 mass %, 14.00 mass %≤Cr≤17.00 mass %, 1.00 mass %≤Mo≤3.00 mass %, 0.20 mass %≤V≤0.40 mass %, Si≤0.30 mass %, Mn≤0.80 mass %, P≤0.040 mass %, S≤0.040 mass %, Cu≤0.25 mass %, Ni≤0.20 mass %, and the balance Fe with inevitable impurities.