Methods for improving a toughness and a strength of a stainless steel material are described herein. For example, a high strength stainless steel material can comprise at least 11 wt. % Cr, between 0.01 wt. % and 1.0 wt. % Ni, more 0 wt. % Mo, more than 0 wt. % W, more than 0 wt. % Ti, more than 0 wt. % Nb, and more than 0 wt. % V. In some examples, the high strength stainless steel material can be heat treated with at least one quench treatment and at least one tempering heat treatment. In some examples, the high strength stainless steel material can comprise between 0.01 wt. % and 0.5 wt. % Ni, no more than 0.25 wt. % Mo, no more than 0.1 wt. % W, no more than 0.1 wt. % Ti, no more than 0.1 wt. % Nb, and no more than 0.1 wt. % V.

Provided are an anisotropic rare earth sintered magnet having a ThMn.sub.12-type crystal compound as a main phase and exhibits good magnetic characteristics, and a method for producing it. The anisotropic rare earth sintered magnet has a composition of a formula (R.sub.1-aZr.sub.a).sub.v(Fe.sub.1-bCo.sub.b).sub.100-v-w-x-y(M.sup.1.sub.1-cM.sup.2.sub.c).sub.wO.sub.xC.sub.y (where R is one or more kinds selected from rare earth elements and indispensably includes Sm, M.sup.1 is one or more kinds of elements selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Al, and Si, M.sup.2 is one or more kinds of elements selected from the group consisting of Ti, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, and W, and v, w, x, y, a, b, and c each satisfy 7≤v≤15 at %, 4≤w≤20 at %, 0.2≤x≤4 at %, 0.2≤y≤2 at %, 0≤a≤0.2, 0≤b≤0.5, and 0≤c≤0.9), which contains a main phase of a ThMn.sub.12-type crystal compound in an amount of 80% by volume or more with the average crystal particle diameter of the main phase being 1 μm or more, which contains an R oxycarbide in the grain boundary area, and which has a density of 7.3 g/cm.sup.3 or more. The production method for the anisotropic rare earth sintered magnet includes grinding an alloy that contains a ThMn.sub.12-type crystal compound phase but does not contain an oxycarbide, then molding it in a mode of pressure powder molding with magnetic field application thereto to give a molded article, and thereafter sintering it at a temperature of 800° C. or higher and 1400° C. or lower to form an oxycarbide in the grain boundary area.

An austenitic stainless steel flux cored wire may provide a welded metal having excellent cryogenic temperature toughness; a welded metal from the wire may have excellent cryogenic temperature toughness; and a welding method may involve such wire(s). An austenitic stainless steel flux cored wire in which a flux is filled in a steel-made shell. The flux cored wire may contain Si, Mn, Ni, Cr, C, P, and N in amounts each falling within a specified range relative to the entire mass of the wire, with the remainder made up by Fe and unavoidable impurities, and X.sub.1 is 17.5 to 22.0 inclusive, as calculated by formula (1):

X.sub.1=[Ni].sub.W+0.5×[Cr].sub.W+1.6×[Mn].sub.W+0.5×[Si].sub.W+15×[C].sub.W  (1),

wherein, in formula (1), [Ni].sub.W, [Cr].sub.W, [Mn].sub.W, [Si].sub.W and [C].sub.W represent the contents (% by mass) of Ni, Cr, Mn, Si, and C, relative to the entire mass of the wire.

A steel composition is provided. The steel composition includes 0.02-0.45 wt. % carbon (C), 0-8 wt. % manganese (Mn), 0-8 wt. % nickel (Ni), 11-17 wt. % chromium (Cr), 1-3 wt. % silicon (Si), and a balance of iron (Fe). The combined concentration of the Mn and Ni is 2-8 wt. %. The steel composition is configured to form a surface oxide layer including oxides of at least one of the Cr or the Si after being subjected to press hardening. Press-hardened steel (PHS) fabricated from the steel composition and a method of fabricating a (PHS) component from the steel composition are also provided.

The steel material according to the present disclosure has a chemical composition consisting of, in mass %, C: 0.20 to 0.35%, Si: 0.05 to 1.00%, Mn: 0.01 to 1.00%, P: 0.025% or less, S: 0.0100% or less, Al: 0.005 to 0.100%, Cr 0.25 to 0.80%, Mo: 0.20 to 2.00%, Ti: 0.002 to 0.050%, B: 0.0001 to 0.0050%, N: 0.0020 to 0.0100% and O: 0.0100% or less, with the balance being Fe and impurities, and satisfying Formula (1). A number density of precipitates having an equivalent circular diameter of 400 nm or more is 0.150 particles/μm.sup.2 or less. The yield strength is within a range of 655 to 965 MPa. A dislocation density ρ is 7.0×10.sup.14 m.sup.−2 or less.
5×Cr—Mo-2×(V+Ti)≤3.00  (1)

This hot-rolled steel sheet has a predetermined chemical composition, in which in a case where the thickness is denoted by t, a metallographic structure at a t/4 position from the surface includes, by area fraction, 77.0% to 97.0% of bainite or tempered martensite, 0% to 5.0% of ferrite, 0% to 5.0% of pearlite, 3.0% or more of residual austenite, and 0% to 10.0% of martensite, in the metallographic structure, the average grain size excluding the residual austenite is 7.0 μm or less, the average number density of iron-based carbides having a diameter of 20 nm or more is 1.0×10.sup.6 carbides/mm.sup.2 or more, a tensile strength is 980 MPa or more, and an average Ni concentration on the surface is 7.0% or more.

A steel sheet includes a predetermined chemical composition and a metal structure represented by, in area fraction, ferrite: 50% to 95%, granular bainite: 5% to 48%, martensite: 2% to 30%, and upper bainite, lower bainite, tempered martensite, retained austenite, and pearlite: 5% or less in total.

A steel sheet includes a predetermined chemical composition and a metal structure represented by, in area fraction, ferrite: 50% to 95%, granular bainite: 5% to 48%, martensite: 2% to 30%, and upper bainite, lower bainite, tempered martensite, retained austenite, and pearlite: 5% or less in total.

A metal powder for additive manufacturing having a composition including the following elements, expressed in content by weight: 0.01%≤C≤0.2%, 2.5%≤Ti≤10%, (0.45×Ti)−1.35%≤B≤(0.45×Ti)+0.70%, S≤0.03%, P≤0.04%, N≤0.05%, O≤0.05% and optionally containing: Si≤1.5%, Mn≤3%, Al≤1.5%, Ni≤1%, Mo≤1%, Cr≤3%, Cu≤1%, Nb≤0.1%, V≤0.5% and including eutectic precipitates of TiB.sub.2 and optionally of Fe.sub.2B, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities resulting from the elaboration, the metal powder having a mean roundness of at least 0.70. The invention also relates to its manufacturing method by argon atomization.

The present invention relates to a method for producing an article out of a maraging steel, wherein the article is successively subjected to a solution annealing and heat treatment, wherein the steel has the following composition in weight percent: C=0.01-0.05 Si=0.4-0.8 Mn=0.1-0.5 Cr=12.0-13.0 Ni=9.5-10.5 Mo=0.5-1.5 Ti=0.5-1.5 Al=0.5-1.5 Cu=0.0-0.05 Residual iron and smelting-induced impurities.