Disclosed is method for plating a PVD (physical vapor deposition) germ killing film, employing a vacuum magnetron sputtering technology and using a nano-silver-containing target for uniformly distributing nano-silver to form a germ killing film. The method can achieve the aim of full germ killing. Besides, nano-silver is enveloped in the sputtering target to form the film, so the target material target can play the role of protecting the nano-silver. Target material can be Al, Cr, stainless steel and Cu. Therefore, the nano-silver is protected; wear resistance of the germ killing film is increased; and the germ killing film can continuously kills germs for a long time.

Embodiments described herein provide for optical devices with methods of forming optical device substrates having at least one area of increased refractive index or scratch resistance. One method includes disposing an etch material on a discrete area of an optical device substrate or an optical device layer, disposing a diffusion material in the discrete area, and removing excess diffusion material to form an optical material in the optical device substrate or the optical device layer having a refractive index greater than or equal to 2.0 or a hardness greater than or equal to 5.5 Mohs.

A method for preparing a CeO.sub.x coating on a surface of a substrate includes depositing a CeO.sub.x coating on the surface by means of a reactive magnetron sputtering from a pure cerium target. The CeO.sub.x coating can be transparent for visible light. A method for reducing the adhesion of a tissue material such as from a human to a surface of a medical instrument, for reducing the water condensation and improving the heat transfer performance of a heat exchanger surface of a substrate, and for reducing corrosion of a surface of a substrate includes depositing a CeO.sub.x coating on the substrate by means of a reactive magnetron sputtering from a pure cerium target. This provides an environmentally friendly preparation of the CeO.sub.x coating with no need for organic solvents or volatile organic compounds. The CeO.sub.x coating has good hydrophobicity, enhanced hardness, exceptionally high wear resistance, and superior thermal stability.

Substrate processing chambers with integrated shutter garage are provided herein. In some embodiments, a pre-clean substrate processing chamber may include a chamber body, wherein the chamber body includes a first side configured to be attached to mainframe substrate processing tool, and a second side disposed opposite the first side, a substrate support configured to support a substrate when disposed thereon, a shutter disk garage disposed on the second side of the process chamber, and a shutter disk assembly mechanism comprising a rotatable shaft, and a robot shutter arm coupled to the shaft, wherein the robot shutter arm includes a shutter disk assembly support section configured to support a shutter disk assembly, and wherein the shutter disk assembly mechanism is configured to move the robot shutter arm between a storage position within the shutter garage and a processing position within the process chamber over the substrate support.

A system and method for refurbishing an internal surface of an article of manufacture includes a sputtering unit. The internal surface of the article of manufacture defines an internal cavity. The sputtering unit includes an electrode assembly coupled to a sealing portion. The refurbishing method begins with preparing the internal surface to remove physical damage and contamination. Next, the sputtering unit is interfaced with the article by extending the electrode assembly into the cavity and sealing the sputtering unit to the article with the sealing portion. The internal surface of the article then defines a boundary of a sputtering chamber. A dimensional value is provided that is related to an internal dimension of the cavity. Finally the sputtering unit is operated to deposit material onto the internal surface based upon the provided dimensional value.

A method for preparing an ammonium thiomolybdate-porous amorphous carbon composite superlubricity film is disclosed. First, a porous amorphous carbon film is prepared by an anode layer ion source assisted plasma chemical vapor deposition method and a reactive magnetron sputtering method on a substrate. The porous amorphous carbon film is then impregnated in an ammonium thiomolybdate solution, so that the ammonium thiomolybdate is adsorbed on the porous amorphous carbon film, and the impregnated porous amorphous carbon film is air dried. During the friction process, the composited porous amorphous carbon superlubricity film prepared in the present disclosure promotes the in-situ decomposition of ammonium thiomolybdate to generate molybdenum disulfide by utilizing the friction heat at the initial stage of running-in, further to generate a graphene-like structure under the function of a catalyst, thus realizing a macroscopic super lubricity through a heterogeneous incommensurate contact between graphene and molybdenum disulfide.

A system is provided for performing a cleaning process of a component of a vehicle. The system includes a first cleaning applicator configured to deliver a cleaning agent to a first surface of the component of the vehicle, a second cleaning applicator configured to deliver the cleaning agent to a second surface of the component of the vehicle, a third cleaning applicator configured to deliver the cleaning agent to a third surface of the component of the vehicle, and a control unit configured to instruct each of the first, second, and third cleaning applicators to project the cleaning agent onto the respective surface of the component for a corresponding predetermined period. The first, second, and third applicators are instructed to project the cleaning agent in a predetermined sequence.

A cutting tool for machining titanium alloy or superalloy includes a Me-B-N coating. The Me-B-N coating is Me1-B-N; Me1 is one or more selected from transition metal elements Hf, V, Nb, Ta and Mo, and the atomic percentage of each element is: Me1: 8-40%, B: 15-60%, and N: 10-65%; and the Me-B-N coating includes Me1Nx phase and BN phase; or, the Me-B-N coating is Me1-Me2-B-N, Me1 is one or more selected from transition metal elements Hf, V, Nb, Ta and Mo; Me2 is one or more selected from transition metal elements Ti, Zr, Cr, and W; and the atomic percentage of each element is: Me1: 4-36%, Me2: 4-36%, B: 15-60%, and N: 10-65%; and the Me-B-N coating includes Me1Nx phase, Me2Nx phase and BN phase.

The process for producing an orthopedic implant having an integrated ceramic surface layer includes steps for positioning the orthopedic implant inside a vacuum chamber, emitting a relatively high energy beam into the at least two different vaporized metalloid or transition metal atoms in the vacuum chamber to cause a collision therein to form ceramic molecules, and driving the ceramic molecules with the ion beam into an outer surface of the orthopedic implant at a relatively high energy such that the ceramic molecules implant therein and form at least a part of the molecular structure of the outer surface of the orthopedic implant, thereby forming the integrated ceramic surface layer.

Provided are a single layer zinc alloy plated steel material and a fabrication method therefor, the single layer zinc alloy plated steel material comprising a base iron and a zinc alloy plating layer formed on the base iron, wherein the zinc alloy plating layer contains 13-24 wt % of Mg, and the adhesion amount of the zinc alloy plating layer is at most 40 g/m.sup.2 (excluding 0 g/m.sup.2).