A turbomachine component having a main body and a multilayer coating, which is applied directly to the main body is provided. The multilayer coating is at least 5 μm and at most 35 μm thick and has a plurality of layers applied directly one on top of the other, wherein the layer applied directly to the main body is an adhesion promoting layer, which comprises chromium nitride, and at least one of the remaining layers comprises a hard material.

An amount of nitrogen in a compound film is controlled. A method of manufacturing compound film comprising forming films laminated on a substrate placed at a film forming chamber is provided. According to the method of manufacturing compound film, a first compound layer including one or more elements selected from metal elements and semimetal elements and oxygen element and a second compound layer including one or more elements and nitrogen element are laminated alternately. The first compound layer is formed by a Filtered Arc Ion Plating method and the second compound layer is formed by a sputtering method.

In a surface-coated cutting tool, an A layer made of an (Al.sub.1-xTi.sub.x)N layer (0.35≦x≦0.6 by an atom ratio) and a B layer made of a (Al.sub.1-y-zTi.sub.ySi.sub.z)N layer (0.35≦y≦0.6 and 0.01≦z≦0.1 by an atom ratio) are layered on a surface of a tool body in which at least a cutting edge is made of a cBN sintered body. A layer thickness ratio of the A layer and the B layer (t.sub.B/t.sub.A) is 2 to 5, an X-ray diffraction intensity ratio I(200)/I(111) as the entire hard coating layer is more than 3 and 12 or less, a full width at half maximum of a peak of I(200) is 0.3 to 1.0, the I.sub.A(200)/I.sub.A(111) of the A layer is 2 to 10, and a full width at half maximum of the peak of the I.sub.A(200) is 0.3 to 1.0.

A composite diamond body includes a diamond base material and a stable layer disposed on the diamond base material. The stable layer may have a thickness of 0.001 μm or more and less than 10 μm, and may include a plurality of layers. A composite diamond tool includes the composite diamond body. There are thus provided highly wear-resistant composite diamond body and composite diamond tool that are even applicable to mirror-finish planarization of a workpiece which reacts with diamond to cause the diamond to wear.

A piston ring may include a metallic base, an outer slide layer and an intermediate layer disposed between the base and the outer slide layer. The base may extend between at least two end regions. The outer slide layer and the intermediate layer may be disposed on an outer radial face of each end region of the base.

A thin film X.sub.yAl.sub.(1-y)N alloy preferably deposited with an intrinsic tensile stress significantly enhances the piezoelectric properties of AlN. The alloy contains y percent of the compound XN, where X is selected from the group consisting of Yb, Ho, Dy, Lu, Tm, Tb, and Gd. The percentage of XN preferably lies in the range 10-60%, and the stress is preferably in the range 200 MPa-1.5 GPa. The film is useful in MEMS devices.

An orthopaedic implant can replace a joint in a patient. The orthopaedic implant includes a first component having a first component surface and a second component having a second component surface. The first component surface and the second component surface mate at an interface. The first component surface includes a metal substrate, a nanotextured surface, a ceramic coating, and a transition zone. The nanotextured surface is disposed directly upon the metal substrate and has surface features in a size of 10.sup.−9 meters. The ceramic coating conforms to the nanotextured surface and includes a plurality of bio-active sites configured to attract and retain calcium and phosphorous cations. The transition zone is disposed between the metal substrate and the ceramic coating. The transition zone includes a concentration gradient transitioning from the metal substrate to the ceramic coating and there is no distinct interface between the metal substrate and the ceramic coating.

The present disclosure relates to a coated cutting tool including a substrate and a coating disposed on the substrate, wherein the coating includes a layer of Ti.sub.xZr.sub.yAl.sub.(1-x-y)N, where 0<x≦0.3, 0.2≦y≦0.8 and 0.1≦(1-x-y)≦0.7. The disclosure further relates to a method of producing such a coated cutting tool, and to a cutting insert forming a coated cutting tool.

A protective coating layer, an electronic device including such a protective coating layer, and the methods of making the same are provided. The electronic device includes a substrate, a thin film circuit layer disposed over the substrate, and a protective coating layer disposed over the thin film circuit layer. The protective coating layer includes a first coating and a second coating disposed over the first coating. Each coating has a cross-plane thermal conductivity in a direction normal to a respective coating surface equal to or higher than 0.5 W/(m*K). The first coating and the second coating have different crystal or amorphous structures, different crystalline orientations, different compositions, or a combination thereof to provide different nanoindentation hardness. The first coating has a hardness lower than that of the second coating.

An apparatus for generating energetic particles and application of coatings in a vacuum comprising a plasma duct surrounded by a magnetic deflecting and focusing system communicating with a primary cathodic arc plasma source in a cathode chamber and a distal anode in a coating chamber. A coating chamber comprises a substrate holder off of an optical axis of the plasma source. A set of baffles are installed along the walls of cathode chambers and the plasma duct not occupied with plasma sources and in some embodiments across the plasma stream to trap macroparticles and neutrals. A plasma duct has a deflecting portion with attached cathode chamber and a tunnel portion attached to the coating chamber. The deflecting system comprises a deflecting coil surrounding the cathode chamber having an off-set deflecting conductor spaced from the plasma duct. In one embodiment a magnetron source is magnetically coupled with cathodic arc source.