A method for fabricating a substrate provided with a plurality of layers, includes: providing a steel substrate with an oxide layer including metal oxides on the steel substrate; providing a metal coating layer directly on the oxide layer, the metal coating layer including: at least 8% by weight nickel; at least 10% by weight chromium; and a remainder being iron and impurities from a fabrication process; and providing an anti-corrosion coating layer directly on the metal coating layer.

According to certain embodiments, a method of producing a pattern on a substrate comprises securing a flexible polymeric substrate, printing a layer of ink as a negative pattern on the substrate, and placing the flexible polymeric substrate in a vacuum chamber. The method further includes uniformly applying, while the flexible polymeric is under a vacuum in the vacuum chamber, a layer of material over both the layer of ink and the substrate via physical vapor deposition and then removing the flexible polymeric substrate from the vacuum chamber. The method further includes removing the ink and material applied over the ink by immersing the flexible polymeric substrate in a solvent such that it results in a desired pattern of the material on the flexible polymeric substrate.

A method for producing an organic EL device in this disclosure includes the steps of providing an element substrate including a substrate and a plurality of organic EL devices arranged on the substrate; and forming a thin film encapsulation structure over the element substrate. The step of forming the thin film encapsulation structure includes the steps of forming a first inorganic barrier layer over the element substrate; condensing a photocurable resin on the first inorganic barrier layer; irradiating a plurality of selected regions of the photocurable resin with a laser beam to cure at least a part of the photocurable resin, thus to form a photocurable resin layer; removing an uncured part of the photocurable resin; and forming a second inorganic barrier layer, covering the photocurable resin layer, on the first inorganic barrier layer.

An article comprises a body having a coating. The coating comprises a YOF coating or other yttrium-based oxy-fluoride coating generated either by performing a fluorination process on a yttrium-based oxide coating or an oxidation process on a yttrium-based fluorine coating.

A method for producing an organic EL device in this disclosure includes the steps of providing an element substrate including a substrate and a plurality of organic EL devices arranged on the substrate; and forming a thin film encapsulation structure over the element substrate. The step of forming the thin film encapsulation structure includes the steps of forming a first inorganic barrier layer over the element substrate; condensing a photocurable resin on the first inorganic barrier layer; irradiating a plurality of selected regions of the photocurable resin with a laser beam to cure at least a part of the photocurable resin, thus to form a photocurable resin layer; removing an uncured part of the photocurable resin; and forming a second inorganic barrier layer, covering the photocurable resin layer, on the first inorganic barrier layer.

Substrate provided with a plurality of layers, at least one of which includes metal oxides and is topped directly by a metal coating layer that contains at least 8% by weight nickel and at least 10% by weight chromium, the remainder being iron, additional elements and the impurities resulting from the fabrication process, wherein this metal coating layer is topped directly by an anticorrosion coating layer. A corresponding fabrication method is also provided.

A bio control surface (100) comprising a substrate (5) and a first plurality of discrete, spaced-apart particles (1) disposed on the substrate (5) and a second plurality of discrete, spaced-apart particles (6) disposed on the substrate (5), wherein the first (1) and second (6) pluralities of discrete, spaced-apart particles are formed from species having different chemical and/or electrical properties. An intermediate layer (4) may be interposed between the particles (1, 6) and the substrate (5). The bio control surface (100) can be activated by exposure to particular conditions, which cause the first (1) and second (6) pluralities of particles to adopt different potentials (+, ), such that flow of charge, heat, ions etc. can be used to neutralise or kill bacteria or microorganisms resident on the surface (100).

The present invention provides a metal sheet including a steel substrate coated on at least one face with a coating including from 0.1 to 20% by weight of magnesium, optionally from 0.1 to 20% by weight of aluminum, the balance being zinc, potential impurities linked to the method and optionally one or more additional elements selected from among Si, Sb, Pb, Ti, Ca, Mn, Sn, La, Ce, Cr, Ni, Zr and Bi, the content by weight of each additional element being less than 0.3%. The coating itself is covered by a layer, based on zinc hydroxychloride, having a chlorine coating weight of at least 1 mg/m.sup.2. The layer does not include hydrozincite or mixed hydroxycarbonates of zinc and aluminum or water-soluble compounds of sodium or potassium. The present invention also provides a method to obtain the metal sheet.

The present disclosure relates to a method for producing a coating film having high heat resistance, high hardness and wear resistance, a coating film having high heat-resistance, high hardness and wear resistance produced using the method, and a cutting tool including the same. The method includes forming a metal nitride layer on a metal base; forming a carbon layer on the metal nitride layer; and irradiating a laser into the carbon layer to add carbons into a portion of the metal nitride layer, thereby to form a carburized layer.

A method for selectively passivating a surface of a substrate, wherein the surface of the substrate includes at least a first surface comprising silicon nitride and at least a second surface comprising a material other than silicon nitride. The method includes the step of exposing the surface to at least one organoisocyanate wherein the organoisocyanate selectively reacts with the silicon nitride to passivate the first surface thereby leaving the second surface substantially unreacted.