The present invention relates to a method for fabricating cobalt interconnects and an electrolyte enabling it to be implemented. The electrolyte of pH less than 4.0 comprises cobalt ions, chloride ions and organic additives, including an alpha-hydroxy carboxylic acid and an amine chosen from polyethyleneimine or benzotriazole.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing silicon by using gas-phase electroreduction and, more specifically, to a method in which a silicon-based compound is gas-phase supplied, without a liquid medium, onto the surface of a base metal having a potential applied thereto, and thus silicon is reduced and applied onto the surface of the base metal.

The present invention relates to a method for fabricating cobalt interconnects and an electrolyte enabling it to be implemented. The electrolyte of pH less than 4.0 comprises cobalt ions, chloride ions and organic additives, including an alpha-hydroxy carboxylic acid and an amine chosen from polyethyleneimine or benzotriazole.

A uniform external field can enhance condensation on a superhydrophobic surface. Jumping droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces accumulate a positive charge which promises the manipulation and control of jumping behavior using external electric fields.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing silicon by using gas-phase electroreduction and, more specifically, to a method in which a silicon-based compound is gas-phase supplied, without a liquid medium, onto the surface of a base metal having a potential applied thereto, and thus silicon is reduced and applied onto the surface of the base metal.

Coated surfaces and coatings are described. The coated surfaces can include a surface coating comprising an alloy layer. The alloy layer can include molybdenum or tungsten in combination with one or more of nickel, cobalt, chromium, tin, phosphorous, iron, magnesium or boron Processes for producing the surface coatings are also described.

Devices with a moveable component that includes a coated surface are described. In some examples, the moveable component can contact a functional fluid during movement of the moveable component. The moveable component includes a coated surface with a surface coating comprising an alloy layer. The alloy layer comprises molybdenum or tungsten in combination with one or more other materials.

Processes for producing coated surfaces and coatings are described. The processes can be used to produce a surface coating comprising an alloy layer. The produced alloy layer can include molybdenum or tungsten in combination with one or more of nickel, cobalt, chromium, tin, phosphorous, iron, magnesium or boron or other materials.

Rods, pipes and internal cavities that include a coated surface are described. The rod or pipe can include an alloy layer on an external surface, an internal surface or both. The alloy layer can include molybdenum or tungsten and at least one element or at least one compound comprising one or more of nickel, cobalt, chromium, tin, phosphorous, iron, magnesium or boron.

Hydraulic devices that include a moveable component configured to contact a functional fluid during movement of the hydraulic device are described. The hydraulic device can include a coating on a surface. The coating can include a metal or metal alloy such as, for example, a molybdenum or tungsten in combination with one or more other materials.