Embodiments described herein relate to methods for preparing catalysts and catalyst supports. In one embodiment, transition metal carbide materials, having a nanotube like morphology, are utilized as a support for a precious metal catalyst, such as platinum. Embodiments described herein also relate to proton exchange membrane fuel cells that incorporate the catalysts described herein.

A method of coating particles includes dispensing particles into a vacuum chamber to form a particle bed in at least a lower portion of the chamber that forms a half-cylinder, evacuating the chamber through a vacuum port in an upper portion of the chamber, rotating a paddle assembly such that a plurality of paddles orbit a drive shaft to stir the particles in the particle bed, injecting a reactant or precursor gas through a plurality of channels into the lower portion of the chamber as the paddle assembly rotates to coat the particles, and injecting the reactant or precursor gas or a purge gas through the plurality of channels at a sufficiently high velocity such that the reactant or precursor a purge gas de-agglomerates particles in the particle bed.

A rotary plasma reactor system is provided. In another aspect, a plasma reactor is rotatable about a generally horizontal axis within a vacuum chamber. A further aspect employs a plasma reactor, a vacuum chamber, and an elongated electrode internally extending within a central area of the reactor. Yet another aspect employs a plasma reactor for use in activating, etching and/or coating tumbling workpiece material.

The present disclosure relates to a trap device for a powder coating apparatus. The trap device includes a body part including an inlet through which exhaust gas containing lost powder is introduced, an outlet through which the exhaust gas is discharged, and an interior space in communication with the inlet and the outlet and a trap part that is located in the interior space of the body part and that traps the lost powder contained in the exhaust gas by a magnetic force.

The invention is related to a soft-magnetic powder comprising coated particles, the coated particles comprising a core and a shell, the core having an average particle size D.sub.50 in a range from 0.1 μm to 100 μm and comprising iron, wherein the shell has a thickness of not more than 20 nm and comprises at least two solid oxides and wherein the shell comprises at least three layers and the shell comprises more than one layers of a first solid oxide and at least one layer of a second solid oxide, wherein the more than one layers of the first solid oxide and the at least one layer of the second solid oxide are arranged in an alternating manner. The invention is further related to a process for the production of the soft-magnetic powder, a use of the soft-magnetic powder and an electronic component comprising the soft-magnetic powder.

Cathode composition including a core cathode body composed of nickel oxide crystallite particles and a surface cathode coating layer contacting and at least partially surrounding an outer surface of the core cathode body. The surface cathode coating layer includes one or more of a transition metal or post-transition metal oxide or fluoride and one or more of lanthanide row atoms having a concentration in a range from about 0.1 to 10 mol %, has a thickness in a range from about 0.5 to 30 nm, and has an amorphous, polycrystalline or composite amorphous/polycrystalline atomic structure. Method of manufacture including preparing a cathode composition includes forming a core cathode body composed of nickel oxide crystallite particles, and, forming by atomic layer deposition, a surface cathode coating layer contacting and at least partially surrounding an outer surface of the core cathode body.

The present invention is related to a process for coating anoxide material, said process comprising the following steps: (a) providing a particulate material selected from lithiated nickel-cobalt aluminum oxides, lithiated cobalt-manganese oxides and lithiated layered nickel-cobalt-manganese oxides, (b) treating said cathode active material with a metal alkoxide or metal amide or alkyl metal compound, (c) treating the material obtained in step (b) with moisture, and, optionally, repeating the sequence of steps (b) and (c), wherein steps (b) and (c) are carried out in a mixer that mechanically introduces mixing energy into the particulate material, or by way of a moving bed or fixed bed, and wherein steps (b) and (c) are carried out at a pressure that is in the range of from 5 mbar to 1 bar above normal pressure.

Disclosed is a method for forming a metal-containing film on a substrate comprises the steps of: exposing the substrate to a vapor of a film forming composition that contains a metal-containing precursor; and depositing at least part of the metal-containing precursor onto the substrate to form the metal-containing film on the substrate through a vapor deposition process, wherein the metal-containing precursor is a pure M(alkyl-arene).sub.2, wherein M is Cr, Mo, or W; arene is

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wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each is independently selected from H, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkenyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkylphenyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkenylphenyl, or —SiXR.sup.7R.sup.8, wherein X is selected from F, Cl, Br, I, and R.sup.7, R.sup.8 each are selected from H, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkenyl.

A method or process for producing non-aggregated carbon-coated silicon particles and lithium-ion batteries utilizing the same. The process includes providing or producing a dry mixture by mixing silicon particles and polyacrylonitrile present in solid form. Thermally decomposing the polyacrylonitrile present in solid form in the dry mixture to form gaseous carbon precursors. Forming gaseous carbon precursors that are carbonized in the presence of the silicon particles by CVD processes (chemical vapor deposition, chemical gas phase deposition). Where the non-aggregated carbon-coated silicon particles have an average particle diameters d.sub.50 of from 1 to 15 μm and containing ≤10% by weight of carbon and ≥90% by weight of silicon, each based on the total weight of the carbon-coated silicon particles.

A process for large-scale production of graphene comprising a step of applying graphene onto a movable surface carrying multiple particles using a PECVD-based process operating at low temperatures enabling the coating of materials that are at risk of melting, decomposing or deforming at higher temperatures. The graphene can be separated from said particles, and the particles re-circulated in the process. A production unit designed for continuous or semi-continuous large-scale production of graphene and graphene-coated particles, where said graphene-coated particles are either the desired end-product, or an intermediate. Graphene-coated particles, in particular particles where the graphene forms flakes having a desired orientation in relation to a surface of said particles.