The invention relates to compositions and methods that are useful in etching a metal surface. In particular, the invention relates to novel acid compositions and methods of using such compositions in etching a metal surface, preferably an aluminum surface prior to anodizing to dissolve impurities, imperfections, scale, and oxide. The compositions are effective in maintaining their etching capacity and in removing smut produced by the etching of a surface as well as in general cleaning.

This disclosure provide an aluminum alloy housing and a preparation method for same. An external surface of the aluminum alloy housing has a convex portion and a concave portion, the convex portion has a convex oxide film, the concave portion has a concave oxide film, and surfaces of the convex oxide film and the concave oxide film have a glossiness of 90-150.

This disclosure provides an aluminum alloy housing and a preparation method for same. An external surface of the aluminum alloy housing has a convex portion and a concave portion, the convex portion has a convex oxide film, the concave portion has a concave oxide film, a surface of the convex oxide film has a glossiness of 90-150, and a surface of the concave oxide film has a glossiness of 5-25.

Novel acid-based chemistries that can be used in various cleaning, de-scaling, rust-removal, brightening, etching and other similar applications, including, but not limited to, those based upon hexafluorozirconic acid and other additives, such as urea in some applications, which are effective for a wide range of applications, while avoiding the health, safety and environmental issues that are often associated with the use of hydrochloric acid and other toxic chemistries.

Novel acid-based chemistries that can be used in various cleaning, de-scaling, rust-removal, brightening, etching and other similar applications, including, but not limited to, those based upon hexafluorozirconic acid and other additives, such as urea in some applications, which are effective for a wide range of applications, while avoiding the health, safety and environmental issues that are often associated with the use of hydrochloric acid and other toxic chemistries.

A method for preparing an anti-bacterial anodic oxide film on the surface of aluminum materials, comprising pretreatment, polishing, anodic oxidation, dyeing and sealing, wherein the surface of polished aluminum materials is smooth but has undulating waves and holes; in the dyeing after oxidation, a nano-sized dye is filled in the undulating waves and holes on the surface of aluminum materials, so if nano-silver is uniformly mixed in the dye in the process, the dye on the surface of aluminum materials will contain nano-silver finally and it will protect nano-silver from wearing during use; the dye-filled waves on the surface of aluminum materials are sealed via a sealing process finally, i.e., the dye is sealed in the surface of aluminum materials; at last, the surface of aluminum materials can be turned into desired colored patterns according to actual needs, and the nano-silver provides the anodic oxide film with anti-bacterial effect.

A method for preparing an anti-bacterial anodic oxide film on the surface of aluminum materials, comprising pretreatment, polishing, anodic oxidation, dyeing and sealing, wherein the surface of polished aluminum materials is smooth but has undulating waves and holes; in the dyeing after oxidation, a nano-sized dye is filled in the undulating waves and holes on the surface of aluminum materials, so if nano-silver is uniformly mixed in the dye in the process, the dye on the surface of aluminum materials will contain nano-silver finally and it will protect nano-silver from wearing during use; the dye-filled waves on the surface of aluminum materials are sealed via a sealing process finally, i.e., the dye is sealed in the surface of aluminum materials; at last, the surface of aluminum materials can be turned into desired colored patterns according to actual needs, and the nano-silver provides the anodic oxide film with anti-bacterial effect.

The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a waveguide device including a step of producing, by additive manufacturing, a semi-finished metal core having side walls having external and internal surfaces, the internal surfaces defining an internal waveguide opening. The manufacturing process further includes a step of chemically polishing the metal core to reduce the thickness of the side walls by an ablation thickness equal to at least twice a roughness of the metal core before polishing, to obtain the waveguide device. The invention also includes a waveguide device obtained according to the above-mentioned process.

The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a waveguide device including a step of producing, by additive manufacturing, a semi-finished metal core having side walls having external and internal surfaces, the internal surfaces defining an internal waveguide opening. The manufacturing process further includes a step of chemically polishing the metal core to reduce the thickness of the side walls by an ablation thickness equal to at least twice a roughness of the metal core before polishing, to obtain the waveguide device. The invention also includes a waveguide device obtained according to the above-mentioned process.

An aluminum alloy is described and has compositions with mass percentage content consisting of: 5.0%-5.4% Zn; 0.9%-1.2% Mg; Cu<0.05%; Si<0.05%; Fe<0.1%; Mn<0.05%; Zr<0.1%; Ti<0.05%; other impurities<0.15%; and the remaining composition being Al. An anodizing method of the aluminum alloy described above is described and has: a degreasing treatment, a first black-film stripping treatment, a chemical polishing treatment, a second black-film stripping treatment, an anodizing treatment, a hole filling treatment, and a drying treatment which are performed in turn. The aluminum alloy has a higher strength while eliminating an influence of a formed compound phase on a material texture.