The present invention discloses a membrane-less reactor design for microbial electrosynthesis of alcohols from carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2). The membrane-less reactor design thus facilitates higher and efficient CO.sub.2 transformation to alcohols via single pot microbial electrosynthesis. The reactor design operates efficiently avoiding oxygen contact at working electrode without using membrane, in turn there is an increase in CO.sub.2 solubility and its bioavailability for subsequent CO.sub.2 conversion to alcohols at faster rate. The present invention further provides a process of operation of the reactor for biotransformation of the carbon dioxide.

The present invention discloses a membrane-less reactor design for microbial electrosynthesis of alcohols from carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2). The membrane-less reactor design thus facilitates higher and efficient CO.sub.2 transformation to alcohols via single pot microbial electrosynthesis. The reactor design operates efficiently avoiding oxygen contact at working electrode without using membrane, in turn there is an increase in CO.sub.2 solubility and its bioavailability for subsequent CO.sub.2 conversion to alcohols at faster rate. The present invention further provides a process of operation of the reactor for biotransformation of the carbon dioxide.

A method for preparing products by electrochemical reductive amination and simultaneous oxidation of aldehyde-based biomass using non-precious metal catalysts is provided, which relates to a field of electrocatalysis. The preparing method includes: performing an electrochemical reaction in an electrolytic system with room temperature and atmospheric pressure (at a range of 25° C. to 30° C., 101 kPa) by taking an aldehyde compound and an amine compound as raw materials for reductive amination and oxidation of aldehyde-based biomass, and thereby obtaining the products. The electrolytic system includes a reaction substrate, an electrolyte, a solvent, an anode and a cathode. The anode is a phosphorylated hydrotalcite catalyst and the cathode is a Ti-based catalyst. The method uses no external oxidants and precious metal catalysts, which is clean, environmental and efficient.

A method for preparing products by electrochemical reductive amination and simultaneous oxidation of aldehyde-based biomass using non-precious metal catalysts is provided, which relates to a field of electrocatalysis. The preparing method includes: performing an electrochemical reaction in an electrolytic system with room temperature and atmospheric pressure (at a range of 25° C. to 30° C., 101 kPa) by taking an aldehyde compound and an amine compound as raw materials for reductive amination and oxidation of aldehyde-based biomass, and thereby obtaining the products. The electrolytic system includes a reaction substrate, an electrolyte, a solvent, an anode and a cathode. The anode is a phosphorylated hydrotalcite catalyst and the cathode is a Ti-based catalyst. The method uses no external oxidants and precious metal catalysts, which is clean, environmental and efficient.

Methods and systems related to the field of carbon capture and utilization are disclosed. A disclosed method for controlling an electrolysis system with a plurality of electrolysis cells includes several steps. The electrolysis system converts a fluidic flow containing CO.sub.x into at least one chemical. The method includes monitoring, using at least one sensor, a plurality of electrolysis cells. The method also includes identifying, via the monitoring, a degrading cell in the plurality of electrolysis cells. The method also includes modifying, upon the identifying of the degrading cell and while continuing to operate at least one other cell in the plurality of electrolysis cells, an operational state of the plurality of electrolysis cells.

An apparatus for attachment to a tailpipe of a vehicle is disclosed herein. The apparatus includes a filter body, a honeycomb monolith, a locking collar and a removable front cover. The honeycomb monolith is composed of an adsorbent material or an absorbent material. Exhaust from the tailpipe of the vehicle is absorbed by the honeycomb monolith structure.

An apparatus for attachment to a tailpipe of a vehicle is disclosed herein. The apparatus includes a filter body, a honeycomb monolith, a locking collar and a removable front cover. The honeycomb monolith is composed of an adsorbent material or an absorbent material. Exhaust from the tailpipe of the vehicle is absorbed by the honeycomb monolith structure.

An electrochemical reaction device in an embodiment includes: a reaction unit including a first accommodation part to accommodate carbon dioxide and a second accommodation part to accommodate an electrolytic solution containing water; a reduction electrode to reduce the carbon dioxide; an oxidation electrode to oxidize the water; a power supply to pass current between the reduction electrode and the oxidation electrode; a pressure regulator to regulate a pressure in the first accommodation part; a reaction product detector to detect at least one of an amount and a kind of a substance produced at the reduction electrode; and a controller to control the pressure regulator based on a detection signal of the reaction product detector.

There is provided a catalytic system including a fibrous hydrophobic substrate, a first layer having a first layer thickness including copper or copper alloy nanoparticles covering the polymeric substrate, and a second layer having a second layer thickness over the first layer and including amorphous nitrogen-doped carbon, wherein the catalytic system includes confined interlayer spaces defined by regions where the first layer and the second layer are spaced apart from each other. The catalytic system can be used for catalyzing the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, or a combination thereof. Thus, there is also provided a method for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, or a combination thereof, using the catalytic system.

There is provided a catalytic system including a fibrous hydrophobic substrate, a first layer having a first layer thickness including copper or copper alloy nanoparticles covering the polymeric substrate, and a second layer having a second layer thickness over the first layer and including amorphous nitrogen-doped carbon, wherein the catalytic system includes confined interlayer spaces defined by regions where the first layer and the second layer are spaced apart from each other. The catalytic system can be used for catalyzing the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, or a combination thereof. Thus, there is also provided a method for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, or a combination thereof, using the catalytic system.