Provided herein are electrochemical cell and/or electrolyzer configurations with membrane-electrode gap and optionally one or more spacers; and methods to use and manufacture the same.

Provided herein are electrochemical cell and/or electrolyzer configurations with membrane-electrode gap and optionally one or more spacers; and methods to use and manufacture the same.

An alkaline water electrolysis vessel including: an anode-side frame body defining an anode chamber; a cathode-side frame body defining a cathode chamber; an ion-permeable separating membrane being arranged between the anode-side frame body and the cathode-side frame body, and separating the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; a gasket being sandwiched by the anode-side frame body and the cathode-side frame body to be held therebetween, and holding the periphery of the separating membrane; an anode being arranged in the anode chamber without being held by the gasket; a cathode being arranged in the cathode chamber without being held by the gasket; and an electroconductive first elastic body arranged in the anode chamber, wherein the anode is a flexible first porous plate; and the anode is arranged between the separating membrane and the first elastic body, and is pushed by the first elastic body toward the cathode.

A supported catalyst for reducing CO.sub.2 is provided. The supported catalyst includes a plurality of support particles; and a plurality of catalyst particles disposed over each support particle. Characteristically, the catalyst particles has formula PdH.sub.x/C wherein x is 0.3 to 0.7. Methods for making the support particles and using the support particles to reduce carbon dioxide are also provided.

A supported catalyst for reducing CO.sub.2 is provided. The supported catalyst includes a plurality of support particles; and a plurality of catalyst particles disposed over each support particle. Characteristically, the catalyst particles has formula PdH.sub.x/C wherein x is 0.3 to 0.7. Methods for making the support particles and using the support particles to reduce carbon dioxide are also provided.

An electrolytic liquid production device includes: an electrolyzer configured to perform electrolytic treatment to a liquid; elastic body configured to press the electrolyzer; and housing having the electrolyzer and elastic body disposed inside housing. Housing has inlet port that the liquid supplied to the electrolyzer flows into, and outlet port that an electrolytic liquid produced in the electrolyzer flows out from. Elastic body includes positioning depressed portion, and housing includes positioning protruding portion. Elastic body is positioned with respect to housing by inserting positioning protruding portion of housing into positioning depressed portion of elastic body. Thus, there is provided an electrolytic liquid production device capable of suppressing bias of elastic body inside housing.

An alkaline water electrolysis vessel including: a first frame body defining an anode chamber and including an electroconductive first separating wall and a first flange part; a second frame body defining a cathode chamber and including an electroconductive second separating wall and a second flange part; an ion-permeable separating membrane being arranged between the first frame body and the second frame body, and separating the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; an anode being arranged in the anode chamber, and being electrically connected with the first separating wall; and a cathode being arranged in the cathode chamber, and being electrically connected with the second separating wall, the first frame body further including: a nickel-plating layer of no less than 40 .Math.m in thickness, and being arranged at least on a wet part of a first surface of the first frame body which faces the anode chamber.

An alkaline water electrolysis vessel including: a first frame body defining an anode chamber and including an electroconductive first separating wall and a first flange part; a second frame body defining a cathode chamber and including an electroconductive second separating wall and a second flange part; an ion-permeable separating membrane being arranged between the first frame body and the second frame body, and separating the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; an anode being arranged in the anode chamber, and being electrically connected with the first separating wall; and a cathode being arranged in the cathode chamber, and being electrically connected with the second separating wall, the first frame body further including: a nickel-plating layer of no less than 40 .Math.m in thickness, and being arranged at least on a wet part of a first surface of the first frame body which faces the anode chamber.

An electrochemical system, an electrochemical stack and a method for carbon dioxide capture and carbon dioxide recovery. The system has a CO.sub.2 capture device where a metal hydroxide base solution reacts with CO.sub.2 to produce carbonates and bicarbonates. The electrochemical stack has one or more electrochemical cells, each with a gas diffusion anode having a hydrogen supply, a cathode spaced from the anode to define an electrolysis region between them for a salt solution, a cation exchange membrane in the electrolysis region next to the cathode and a metal hydroxide region separated from the electrolysis region by the cathode.

A voltage potential between the anode and cathode produces an acid solution in the electrolysis region, conditions the metal hydroxide base solution in the metal hydroxide region and evolves hydrogen at the cathode. A CO.sub.2 evolution device uses the acid and the carbonates and/or bicarbonates to recover CO.sub.2 and to recover the salt solution for reuse in the electrochemical stack.

An electrochemical system, an electrochemical stack and a method for carbon dioxide capture and carbon dioxide recovery. The system has a CO.sub.2 capture device where a metal hydroxide base solution reacts with CO.sub.2 to produce carbonates and bicarbonates. The electrochemical stack has one or more electrochemical cells, each with a gas diffusion anode having a hydrogen supply, a cathode spaced from the anode to define an electrolysis region between them for a salt solution, a cation exchange membrane in the electrolysis region next to the cathode and a metal hydroxide region separated from the electrolysis region by the cathode.

A voltage potential between the anode and cathode produces an acid solution in the electrolysis region, conditions the metal hydroxide base solution in the metal hydroxide region and evolves hydrogen at the cathode. A CO.sub.2 evolution device uses the acid and the carbonates and/or bicarbonates to recover CO.sub.2 and to recover the salt solution for reuse in the electrochemical stack.