Provided are an anode for an ion exchange membrane electrolyzer which enables an aqueous solution of an alkali metal chloride to be electrolyzed at a lower voltage than a conventional anode and allows the concentration of an impurity gas included in an anode gas to be reduced and an ion exchange membrane electrolyzer using the same. The anode is an anode for an ion exchange membrane electrolyzer to be used in an ion exchange membrane electrolyzer that is separated by an ion exchange membrane into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber. The anode for an ion exchange membrane electrolyzer comprises at least one perforated flat metal plate 1 (expanded metal 1) and the thickness of the perforated flat metal plate 1 (expanded metal 1) ranges from 0.1 to 0.5 mm and the ratio of the short way SW to the long way LW (SW/LW) ranges from 0.45 to 0.55. The short way SW is preferably not more than 3.0 mm.

An ink formulation and electrode that enhances hydrogen production, oxygen production, carbon dioxide reduction and other electrocatalytic reactions. Embodiments include an ink formulation with polymer binders having different catalytical precursors and a 3D electrode produced by additive manufacturing from the inventor's ink formulation. Various embodiments of the inventor's apparatus, systems, and methods provide inks that that are 3D-printed into patterns that optimize surface area and flow. The catalytic materials are imbedded into the ink matrix which is then printed into a 3D structure that has architecture that optimizes surface area and flow properties.

An ink formulation and electrode that enhances hydrogen production, oxygen production, carbon dioxide reduction and other electrocatalytic reactions. Embodiments include an ink formulation with polymer binders having different catalytical precursors and a 3D electrode produced by additive manufacturing from the inventor's ink formulation. Various embodiments of the inventor's apparatus, systems, and methods provide inks that that are 3D-printed into patterns that optimize surface area and flow. The catalytic materials are imbedded into the ink matrix which is then printed into a 3D structure that has architecture that optimizes surface area and flow properties.

The present disclosure relates to a process for manufacturing 2,3-butanediol by electroreduction of 3-hydroxybutan-one in an aqueous media.

The present invention provides an electrochemical device utilizing microorganisms and capable of outputting sufficient power in a short time after boot-up, by means of an electrochemical device comprising a first electrode comprising a surface layer portion having at least one pore with an opening, wherein the pore has a conductive section at least on an inner face thereof, the first electrode has a conduction path that electrically connects the conductive sections of the pores to each other, and each pore carries electron-donating microorganisms of different classifications or different electron-donating microorganisms of the same classification, or electron-donating microorganisms with average particle sizes significantly different from each other; and a method of producing the same.

A gas permeable or breathable electrode and method of manufacture thereof. In one example there is an electrolytic cell having an electrode comprising a porous material, wherein gas produced at the electrode diffuses out of the cell via the porous material. In operation the gas is produced at the at least one electrode without substantial bubble formation. In another example there is an electrode having a porous conducting material with a hydrophobic layer or coating applied to a side of the porous conducting material. A catalyst may be applied to another side. The gas permeable or breathable electrode can be used in an electrolytic cell, electrochemical cell, battery and/or fuel cell. Gas produced at the electrode diffuses out of a cell via at least part of the electrode, separating the gas from the reaction at the electrode.

A Li ion recovery member and a Li recovery device may prevent occurrence of breakage of a permselective membrane and implement stable Li ion recovery for a long period of time even when a size of a Li recovery device is increased. The Li ion recovery member may include: a permselective membrane including a Li ion conductor made of an inorganic substance; electrodes; and a reticular elastic body, in which the electrodes are provided on at least one main surface side of the permselective membrane, at least one electrode of the electrodes is a porous electrode or a membrane electrode, and the porous electrode or the membrane electrode is sandwiched between the reticular elastic body and the permselective membrane. The Li recovery device may include a Li ion recovery electrolytic cell including the Li ion recovery member and configured to recover Li ions by electrodialysis.

Apparatuses and methods for producing hydrogen peroxide by performing coupled chemical and electrochemical reactions are disclosed. An electrochemical cell has a chemical reaction chamber configured to hydrogenate a shuttle molecule and an electrochemical chamber configured to electrochemically dissociate water to form hydrogen ions at an anode, and to reduce the hydrogen ions to atomic hydrogen at a cathode. The chemical reaction chamber and the anode chamber are separated by a metallic membrane. The metallic membrane acts as a cathode of the cell, a hydrogen-selective layer and a catalyst. The metallic membrane may comprise a layer of palladium or a palladium alloy. A layer of co-catalyst may optionally be electrodeposited on the layer of palladium or palladium alloy. An ion exchange membrane separates the metallic membrane and the anode chamber. The hydrogenated shuttle molecule may be supplied to a reactor for contacting an oxygen-containing gas to yield hydrogen peroxide.

A portable hydrogen-oxygen generator includes a housing having a detachable upper cover and a bottom cover. An electrolytic cell module is arranged in the housing. The electrolytic cell module has a hydrogen generation chamber and an oxygen generation chamber. A cathode electrode plate and an anode electrode plate are respectively arranged in the hydrogen generation chamber and the oxygen generation chamber, and the bottoms of the two generation chambers are communicated for electrolyte circulation. A hydrogen outlet part and an oxygen outlet part detachably arranged on the upper cover and respectively corresponding to the hydrogen generation chamber and the oxygen generation chamber. A filtering film for removing water is arranged between the hydrogen/oxygen outlet part and the electrolytic cell module. A power supply module is arranged on the bottom cover of the housing to supply electric energy to the cathode electrode plate and the anode electrode plate.

The disclosure relates to an electrolyzer reactor suitable for the reduction of organic compounds. The reactor includes a membrane electrode assembly with freestanding metallic meshes which serve both as metallic electrode structures for electron transport as well as catalytic surfaces for electron generation and organic compound reduction. Suitable organic compounds for reduction include oxygenated and/or unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds, in particular those characteristic of bio-oil (e.g., alone or a multicomponent mixtures). The reactor and related methods provide a resource- and energy-efficient approach to organic compound reduction, in particular for bio-oil mixtures which can be conveniently upgraded at or near their point of production with minimal or no transportation.