The present disclosure relates to an apparatus, system and method for selectively capturing a carbon-containing gas from an input gas mixture.

A hydrogen system includes: a compressor including at least one cell that includes an electrolyte membrane, an anode catalyst layer provided on one principal surface of the electrolyte membrane, a cathode catalyst layer provided on another principal surface of the electrolyte membrane, an anode gas diffusion layer provided on the anode catalyst layer and including a porous sheet containing a metal, and a cathode gas diffusion layer provided on the cathode catalyst layer, and a voltage applicator that apples a voltage between the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer, wherein the compressor that generates compressed hydrogen by causing the voltage applicator to apply the voltage to move hydrogen in hydrogen-containing gas supplied to an anode to the cathode via the electrolyte membrane; and a controller that causes the voltage applicator to apply the voltage after shutdown or at startup.

Disclosed are a carbon dioxide utilization system capable of producing electricity, hydrogen, and bicarbonate by utilizing carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas, through a spontaneous electrochemical reaction without a separate external power source, and producing magnesium hydrogen carbonate by reacting the hydrogen carbonate ions with magnesium ions generated at an anode.

Disclosed is a method for synthesizing β-cyano ketone compound, including steps of (1) adding a α-keto acid and sodium hydroxide to a separator-free electrolytic cell, adding acetonitrile thereto, and dissolving the α-keto acid and sodium hydroxide in acetonitrile by stirring to be uniform, to obtain a dissolution solution; (2) adding an alkene or a derivative thereof, cyanobenziodoxolone, and an electrolyte to the dissolution solution, to obtain a mixed solution; (3) subjecting the mixed solution to an electrochemical reaction by electrifying a cathode of a platinum sheet, and an anode of a graphite electrode to obtain a reacted solution; and (4) after the electrochemical reaction, collecting the reacted solution, adding water thereto and stirring to obtain a mixture, subjecting the mixture to an extraction to obtain an organic phase, drying the organic phase and purifying, to obtain the β-cyano ketone compound.

The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and apparatus for producing a carbon nanomaterial product (CNM) product that may comprise carbon nanotubes and various other allotropes of nanocarbon. The method and apparatus employ a consumable carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) and a renewable carbonate electrolyte as reactants in an electrolysis reaction in order to make CNTs. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, operational conditions of the electrolysis reaction may be varied in order to produce the CNM product with a greater incidence of a desired allotrope of nanocarbon or a desired combination of two or more allotropes.

Disclosed is a method for manufacturing an electrode for alkaline water electrolysis, the method including: dissolving a metal salt in a solvent, followed by synthesis, to prepare a wet powder; performing an oxidative heat treatment on the wet powder; and performing a reductive heat treatment on the oxidatively heat treated powder.

A power generator is described that provides at least one of electrical and thermal power comprising (i) at least one reaction cell for reactions involving atomic hydrogen hydrogen products identifiable by unique analytical and spectroscopic signatures, (ii) a molten metal injection system comprising at least one pump such as an electromagnetic pump that provides a molten metal stream to the reaction cell and at least one reservoir that receives the molten metal stream, and (iii) an ignition system comprising an electrical power source that provides low-voltage, high-current electrical energy to the at least one steam of molten metal to ignite a plasma to initiate rapid kinetics of the reaction and an energy gain. In some embodiments, the power generator may comprise: (v) a source of H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 supplied to the plasma, (vi) a molten metal recovery system, and (vii) a power converter capable of (a) converting the high-power light output from a blackbody radiator of the cell into electricity using concentrator thermophotovoltaic cells or (b) converting the energetic plasma into electricity using a magnetohydrodynamic converter.

Nanoparticle assemblies can be formed and deposited on temperature sensors to create low cost, high sensitivity hydrogen sensors. The nanoparticle assemblies can be formed from nanoparticles within an electrolysis reactor to form grain-boundary connections between the nanoparticles of the nanoparticle assembly. The nanoparticle assembly can be deposited on temperature sensors to create hydrogen gas sensors.

Nanoparticle assemblies can be formed and deposited on temperature sensors to create low cost, high sensitivity hydrogen sensors. The nanoparticle assemblies can be formed from nanoparticles within an electrolysis reactor to form grain-boundary connections between the nanoparticles of the nanoparticle assembly. The nanoparticle assembly can be deposited on temperature sensors to create hydrogen gas sensors.

The present disclosure provides a method for in-situ synthesizing tungsten carbide powder. In this method, cemented carbide scrap is used as an electrode and the molten salt electrolysis process is used to in-situ synthesize tungsten carbide powder, where a bidirectional pulse is used in the molten salt electrolysis process. In the method provided by the present disclosure, by using the bidirectional pulse and using the cemented carbide scrap as electrode in the molten salt medium, when the tungsten carbide scrap is oxidized, tungsten is dissolved in ionic form, deposited after the direction of current changes, and reacted with the carbon anode sludge in situ to generate tungsten carbide powder. In the present disclosure, the carbon anode sludge is treated appropriately, the recycled product can be used in upmarket application, there is no need to apply complicated processes to process the tungsten powder into tungsten carbide, and the tungsten carbide nanopowder with high-performance can be recycled and prepared in a short process.