Broadly, the present disclosure relates to sidewall features (e.g. inner sidewall or hot face) of an electrolysis cell, which protect the sidewall from the electrolytic bath while the cell is in operation (e.g. producing metal in the electrolytic cell).

Broadly, the present disclosure relates to sidewall features (e.g. inner sidewall or hot face) of an electrolysis cell, which protect the sidewall from the electrolytic bath while the cell is in operation (e.g. producing metal in the electrolytic cell).

This aluminum smelter comprises a line of electrolytic cells arranged transversely to the line, one of the cells comprising anode assemblies and electrical conductors mounted and connecting the anode assemblies. Rising and connecting conductors extend upwardly along two opposite longitudinal edges of the cell. In addition, the aluminum smelter comprises a first electrical compensating circuit extending under the cell and which can be traversed by a first compensating current in the opposite direction to that of the electrolysis current, a second electrical compensating circuit extending on one side of the line that can be traversed by a second compensating current in the same direction as the electrolysis current.

This aluminum smelter comprises a line of electrolytic cells arranged transversely to the line, one of the cells comprising anode assemblies and electrical conductors mounted and connecting the anode assemblies. Rising and connecting conductors extend upwardly along two opposite longitudinal edges of the cell. In addition, the aluminum smelter comprises a first electrical compensating circuit extending under the cell and which can be traversed by a first compensating current in the opposite direction to that of the electrolysis current, a second electrical compensating circuit extending on one side of the line that can be traversed by a second compensating current in the same direction as the electrolysis current.

A system 10 for controlling an industrial plant 12 comprises automatic control equipment 14 comprising a plurality of measurement sensors 16 for sensing predetermined variables associated with components of the industrial plant 12. The sensors 16 generate measured data relating to operation of the components of the industrial plant 12. A database 20 contains operational data, including observational data, regarding the industrial plant 12. A processor 18 is in communication with the automatic control equipment 14 and the database 20 for receiving the measured data from the sensors 16 of the automatic control equipment 14 and the operational data from the database 20. The processor 18 manipulates the measured and operational data to provide an evolving description of a process condition of each component over time, along with output information relating to operational control of the industrial plant 12 and for updating the database 20.

A system 10 for controlling an industrial plant 12 comprises automatic control equipment 14 comprising a plurality of measurement sensors 16 for sensing predetermined variables associated with components of the industrial plant 12. The sensors 16 generate measured data relating to operation of the components of the industrial plant 12. A database 20 contains operational data, including observational data, regarding the industrial plant 12. A processor 18 is in communication with the automatic control equipment 14 and the database 20 for receiving the measured data from the sensors 16 of the automatic control equipment 14 and the operational data from the database 20. The processor 18 manipulates the measured and operational data to provide an evolving description of a process condition of each component over time, along with output information relating to operational control of the industrial plant 12 and for updating the database 20.

The invention relates to nonferrous metallurgy and may be suitable for controlling the feed of alumina to electrolytic cells for producing aluminum to maintain the alumina concentration in the electrolytic melt equal or close to the saturation value. To maintain the alumina concentration within the set range, reduced voltage U or pseudo-resistance R is measured. The measured values are recorded at fixed time intervals, underfeeding or overfeeding phases compared to a theoretical alumina feeding rate during electrolysis are formed, whereas the duration of underfeeding phases is selected depending on the alumina concentration in the electrolytic melt, and the duration of overfeeding phases is determined according to the change of one or more electrolytic cell parameters being recorded: reduced voltage, U, pseudo-resistance. R, rates of reduced voltage, dU/dt, pseudo-resistance, dR/dt, change. Adjustments to the anode-cathode distance to maintain the electrolytic cell energy balance may be performed during any of the feeding phases. The invention improves the engineering and economic performance of the aluminum production process due to elimination of anode effects in electrolytic cells with carbon anodes, as well as by means of using novel structural and electrode materials having a high rate of corrosion in the low alumina concentration electrolytic melt.

The invention relates to nonferrous metallurgy and may be suitable for controlling the feed of alumina to electrolytic cells for producing aluminum to maintain the alumina concentration in the electrolytic melt equal or close to the saturation value. To maintain the alumina concentration within the set range, reduced voltage U or pseudo-resistance R is measured. The measured values are recorded at fixed time intervals, underfeeding or overfeeding phases compared to a theoretical alumina feeding rate during electrolysis are formed, whereas the duration of underfeeding phases is selected depending on the alumina concentration in the electrolytic melt, and the duration of overfeeding phases is determined according to the change of one or more electrolytic cell parameters being recorded: reduced voltage, U, pseudo-resistance. R, rates of reduced voltage, dU/dt, pseudo-resistance, dR/dt, change. Adjustments to the anode-cathode distance to maintain the electrolytic cell energy balance may be performed during any of the feeding phases. The invention improves the engineering and economic performance of the aluminum production process due to elimination of anode effects in electrolytic cells with carbon anodes, as well as by means of using novel structural and electrode materials having a high rate of corrosion in the low alumina concentration electrolytic melt.

An aluminum smelter comprising: (i) a series of electrolytic cells, designed for the production of aluminum, forming one or more rows, (ii) a supply station designed to supply the series of electrolytic cells with an electrolysis current, the said electricity supply station comprising two poles, (iii) a main electrical circuit through which the electrolysis current flows, having two extremities each connected to one of the poles of the supply station, (iv) at least one secondary electrical circuit comprising an electrical conductor made of superconducting material through which a current flows, running along the row or rows of electrolytic cells, characterized in that the electrical conductor made of superconducting material in the secondary electrical circuit runs along the row or rows of electrolytic cells at least twice in such a way as to make several turns in series.

An aluminum smelter comprising: (i) a series of electrolytic cells, designed for the production of aluminum, forming one or more rows, (ii) a supply station designed to supply the series of electrolytic cells with an electrolysis current, the said electricity supply station comprising two poles, (iii) a main electrical circuit through which the electrolysis current flows, having two extremities each connected to one of the poles of the supply station, (iv) at least one secondary electrical circuit comprising an electrical conductor made of superconducting material through which a current flows, running along the row or rows of electrolytic cells, characterized in that the electrical conductor made of superconducting material in the secondary electrical circuit runs along the row or rows of electrolytic cells at least twice in such a way as to make several turns in series.