An aqueous electrolyte for the deposition of a metal layer on a substrate surface as well as a method for the deposition of a metal layer on a substrate surface by which electrolyte and in which method the formation of airborne emissions above the surface of the electrolyte in a plating tank is significantly reduced or more preferably omitted. The aqueous electrolyte composition according to the invention comprises at least one surfactant in a concentration affecting a dynamic surface tension of the composition of 35 mN/m.

Provided herein is a composition for forming a metal deposit on a substrate. The composition consists essentially of a carboxamide, trialkylamine chloride, and a metal salt. The carboxamide comprises Formula (I). The trialkylamine chloride and the carboxamide are in molar ratio between 1:1 and 1:30 to form an ionic liquid. The trialkylamine chloride is trimethylamine chloride (TMACl), triethylamine chloride (TEACl), triethanolamine chloride, or combinations thereof. The metal salt has the formula MX.sub.y, wherein M is a metal, X is a halide, and y is an oxidation number of M, the metal salt being in a concentration between about 0.2 and about 1.5 moles per liter of the ionic liquid. The metal deposit has an average grain size between about 0.2 m and about 3 m and contains less than about 1 mol % of each oxygen, carbon, and chlorine.

A method of disposing a corrosion resistant system to a substrate may comprise applying a plating material to the substrate; forming a chemical conversion coating solution by combining a solvent, at least one corrosion inhibitive cation comprising at least one of zinc, calcium, strontium, magnesium, or aluminum, at least one corrosion inhibitive anion comprising at least one of phosphate, molybdate, or silicate, and a complexing agent; and applying the chemical conversion coating solution to the plating material on the substrate.

A method of disposing a corrosion resistant system to a substrate may comprise applying a plating material to the substrate; forming a chemical conversion coating solution by combining a solvent, at least one corrosion inhibitive cation comprising at least one of zinc, calcium, strontium, magnesium, or aluminum, at least one corrosion inhibitive anion comprising at least one of phosphate, molybdate, or silicate, and a complexing agent; and applying the chemical conversion coating solution to the plating material on the substrate.

A metal recovery device for recovering metal in a waste printed circuit board by way of electrodeposition including: a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte in electrical communication with the cathode and the anode, wherein the electrolyte includes a glycol-based compound and a metal chloride. A method of preparing an electrolyte for use in the same. A method of metal recovery for recovering metal from waste printed circuit board by making use the same.

Disclosed is an Fe-based electroplated steel sheet including: a Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet containing Si in an amount of 0.1 mass % or more and 3.0 mass % or less; and an Fe-based electroplating layer formed on at least one surface of the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet with a coating weight per surface of 5.0 g/m.sup.2 or more, in which in an intensity profile measured by glow discharge optical emission spectrometry, a peak of emission intensity at wavelengths indicating Si is detected within a range from a surface of the Fe-based electroplating layer to more than 0.2 m in a thickness direction and not more than a thickness of the Fe-based electroplating layer, and an average value of C concentration in a region ranging from 10 m to 20 m in the thickness direction from the surface of the Fe-based electroplating layer is 0.10 mass % or less.