A multilayered film and a method for performing spectroscopic measurements in a fluid are provided. The multilayered film includes a substrate; a porous layer adjacent to the substrate; and a reflective layer formed on the porous layer, wherein the porous layer selectively allows a component of a fluid to be optically measured when the multilayered film is immersed in the fluid. A sensor for spectroscopic measurements in crude oil samples including a multilayered film as above is also provided. A method of manufacturing a multilayered film for spectroscopic measurements in fluids as above is also provided.

A method is proposed for producing a cylinder working surface of an internal combustion engine that is optimized in terms of friction and wear.

A steel sheet coated with an aluminum-based coating and a second zinc coating having a thickness less than or equal to 1.1 m is provided. A method for preparing the coated steel sheet, a method for preparing a press-hardened part from the steel sheet, a press-hardened part, and the use of the press-hardened part are also provided.

A steel sheet coated with an aluminum-based coating and a second zinc coating having a thickness less than or equal to 1.1 m is provided. A method for preparing the coated steel sheet, a method for preparing a press-hardened part from the steel sheet, a press-hardened part, and the use of the press-hardened part are also provided.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method and system of electroplating using an anode that can be prepared relatively easily without the need for ancillary equipment or anolyte management, and without the need for expensive metals or special metals. The present invention relates to a method of electroplating an article with metal, the method comprising the steps of: allowing a current to flow in a plating bath containing ions of the metal and an organic compound additive, wherein the plating bath comprises the article as a cathode and a conductive base material as an anode, a part of a surface of the conductive base material is covered with an insulating material, and a remaining part is exposed, and a current flowing portion is dispersedly present in the anode.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method and system of electroplating using an anode that can be prepared relatively easily without the need for ancillary equipment or anolyte management, and without the need for expensive metals or special metals. The present invention relates to a method of electroplating an article with metal, the method comprising the steps of: allowing a current to flow in a plating bath containing ions of the metal and an organic compound additive, wherein the plating bath comprises the article as a cathode and a conductive base material as an anode, a part of a surface of the conductive base material is covered with an insulating material, and a remaining part is exposed, and a current flowing portion is dispersedly present in the anode.

A steel sheet coated with an aluminum-based coating and a second zinc coating having a thickness less than or equal to 1.1 m is provided. A method for preparing the coated steel sheet, a method for preparing a press-hardened part from the steel sheet, a press-hardened part, and the use of the press-hardened part are also provided.

A steel sheet coated with an aluminum-based coating and a second zinc coating having a thickness less than or equal to 1.1 m is provided. A method for preparing the coated steel sheet, a method for preparing a press-hardened part from the steel sheet, a press-hardened part, and the use of the press-hardened part are also provided.