A fan blade and method of manufacturing a fan blade includes a metallic fan blade body with a crystalline oxidation layer and immersing the crystalline oxidation layer in a solution of ceramic nanosheets in suspension. A fan blade for a gas turbine engine includes a metallic fan blade body having a tip with a crystalline oxidation layer, wherein the crystalline oxidation layer includes pores containing ceramic nanosheets.

According to one embodiment, a system includes a deposition electrode, where the deposition electrode is configured to move in a z direction and the deposition electrode is configured to move during deposition, a counter electrode, where the counter electrode is a photoconductive electrode, a mechanism for directing a light onto the photoconductive electrode, a chamber, and a power source for applying a voltage differential across the electrodes. In addition, the deposition electrode and the counter electrode are positioned in the chamber and are oriented opposite from one another. Moreover, the mechanism for direction light is configured to move the light in an x direction and/or a y direction, where the x direction is oriented perpendicular to the y direction and x-y directions are in a plane that is perpendicular to the z direction.

According to one embodiment, a method for fabricating a 3D model of different materials includes positioning a moveable deposition electrode at a distance from a photoconductive electrode, directing light onto the photoconductive electrode in a first pattern while simultaneously applying a voltage differential across the electrodes. Particles from a solution are deposited to form a first layer on the deposition electrode according to the first pattern. The method repeats, for a given number N of layers of the 3D model, the following operations N-1 times: changing or maintaining a composition of the solution, moving the moveable deposition electrode in a z direction in steps about equal to a thickness of each deposited layer, directing light onto the photoconductive electrode in another pattern while simultaneously applying another voltage differential across the electrodes. Particles from the solution are deposited to form another layer above the deposition electrode according to another pattern.

In an electrodeposition system, the final quality of a coating is prevented from being degraded due to a coating material-containing aqueous solution flowing out of a steel plate mating portion during a drying process, while derivative problems such as an increase in the size of the system, an increase in the initial costs and the running costs, and a decrease in reliability are avoided. A washing zone that is subsequent to an electrodeposition zone in which an object to be coated is immersed in a coating material solution for electrodeposition so that a coating is formed on a surface of the object to be coated is provided with: a hot water washing tank in which the coated object is washed by being immersed in high-temperature washing water in the tank; and a spray washer that sprays a steel plate mating portion of the coated-object with high-temperature washing water, subsequent to washing in the hot water washing tank.

An electrodepositing apparatus is provided comprising an inner tank (1) filled with an electrodepositing solution, an outer tank (3), a feedback means (4), a rectifying member (5) disposed in the inner tank (1), a means (8) for holding an article (p), a counter electrode (6), and a power supply (9). The electrodepositing solution is circulated in such a way that it overflows the inner tank and is fed back from the outer tank to the inner tank by the feedback means, the flow of the solution is rectified by the rectifying member to keep flat the solution surface in the inner tank, a selected portion of the article is immersed in the solution, and the coating agent is electrodeposited on the selected portion of the article.

An installation for coating objects, in particular vehicle wheels, has a dipping trough which is filled with a coating liquid into which the objects can be dipped. In order to reduce the complexity of the piping, there is provided a combined recirculation and filtration circuit for recirculating and filtering the coating liquid, wherein the recirculation and filtration circuit includes a pump, at least one recirculation outlet, arranged in the dipping trough, for the coating liquid, and a filtration device having a residue connection and a filtrate connection, wherein the residue connection is connected to the at least one recirculation outlet in the dipping trough.

An installation for coating objects, in particular vehicle wheels, has a dipping trough which is filled with a coating liquid into which the objects can be dipped. In order to reduce the complexity of the piping, there is provided a combined recirculation and filtration circuit for recirculating and filtering the coating liquid, wherein the recirculation and filtration circuit includes a pump, at least one recirculation outlet, arranged in the dipping trough, for the coating liquid, and a filtration device having a residue connection and a filtrate connection, wherein the residue connection is connected to the at least one recirculation outlet in the dipping trough.

An electrochemical deposition system is described. The electrochemical deposition system includes one or more electrochemical deposition modules arranged on a common platform for depositing one or more metals on a substrate, and a chemical management system coupled to the one or more electrochemical deposition modules. The chemical management system is configured to supply at least one of the one or more electrochemical deposition modules with one or more metal constituents for depositing the one or more metals. The chemical management system can include at least one metal enrichment cell and at least one metal-concentrate generator cell.

Described herein is a method for cleaning an electrocoating bath in a continuous facility, where a skid connected to a conveying installation is conveyed through the electrocoating bath, and where the skid includes a filter medium; the filter medium is secured on the skid via at least one movable connecting element; the movable connecting element allows the orientation of the filter medium at the interface between electrocoating bath and air; and, after immersion of the skid into the electrocoating bath, during the conveying of the skid through the electrocoating bath, the filter medium is oriented at the interface between electrocoating bath and air and is drawn along the surface of the electrocoating bath. Also described herein is a skid for use in the cleaning method.

Described herein is a method for cleaning an electrocoating bath in a continuous facility, where a skid connected to a conveying installation is conveyed through the electrocoating bath, and where the skid includes a filter medium; the filter medium is secured on the skid via at least one movable connecting element; the movable connecting element allows the orientation of the filter medium at the interface between electrocoating bath and air; and, after immersion of the skid into the electrocoating bath, during the conveying of the skid through the electrocoating bath, the filter medium is oriented at the interface between electrocoating bath and air and is drawn along the surface of the electrocoating bath. Also described herein is a skid for use in the cleaning method.