In an embodiment, an apparatus includes a first pyrometer and a second pyrometer configured to monitor thermal radiation from a first point and a second point on a backside of a wafer, respectively, a first heating source in a first region and a second heating source in a second region of an epitaxial growth chamber, respectively, where a first controller adjusts an output of the first heating source and the second heating source based upon the monitored thermal radiation from the first point and the second point, respectively, a third pyrometer and a fourth pyrometer configured to monitor thermal radiation from a third point and a fourth point on a frontside of the wafer, respectively, where a second controller adjusts a flow rate of one or more precursors injected into the epitaxial growth chamber based upon the monitored thermal radiation from the first, second, third, and fourth points.

A method and a wafer processing furnace for forming an epitaxial stack on a plurality of substrates is provided. In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises providing the plurality of substrates to a process chamber. A plurality of deposition cycles is executed, thereby forming the epitaxial stack on the plurality of substrates. The epitaxial stack comprises a plurality of epitaxial pairs, wherein the epitaxial pairs each comprises a first epitaxial layer and a second epitaxial layer, the second epitaxial layer being different from the first epitaxial layer. Each deposition cycle comprises a first deposition pulse and a second deposition pulse. The first deposition pulse comprises a provision of a first reaction gas mixture to the process chamber, thereby forming the first epitaxial layer. The second deposition pulse comprises a provision of a second reaction gas mixture to the process chamber, thereby forming the second epitaxial layer. The first deposition pulse or the second deposition pulse further comprises a provision of a dopant precursor gas to the process chamber.

A method and a wafer processing furnace for forming an epitaxial stack on a plurality of substrates is provided. In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises providing plurality of substrates to a process chamber. A plurality of deposition cycles are executed, thereby forming the epitaxial stack on the plurality of substrates. The epitaxial comprises a plurality of epitaxial pairs, each pair comprising a first epitaxial layer and a second epitaxial layer. The deposition cycle comprises a first deposition pulse and a second deposition pulse. The first deposition pulse comprises a provision of a first reaction gas mixture to the process chamber, thereby forming the first epitaxial layer and the second deposition pulse comprises a provision of a second reaction gas mixture to the process chamber, thereby forming the second epitaxial layer

A method of forming an epitaxial stack on a plurality of substrates is provided. In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises providing a semiconductor processing apparatus. This semiconductor processing apparatus comprises a process chamber and a carousel for stationing a wafer boat before or after processing in the process chamber. The method further comprises loading the wafer boat into the process chamber, the wafer boat comprising the plurality of substrates. The method further comprises processing the plurality of substrates in the process chamber, thereby forming, on the plurality of substrates, the epitaxial stack. This epitaxial stack has a pre-determined thickness. The processing comprises unloading the wafer boat, one or more times, from the process chamber to the carousel until the epitaxial stack reaches the pre-determined thickness.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for synthesizing a diamond using a diamond synthesis machine. A processor receives a plurality of images of a diamond during synthesis within a diamond synthesis machine, each of the plurality of images captured within a time period. The processor executes a diamond state prediction machine learning model using the plurality of images to obtain a predicted data object, the predicted data object indicating a predicted state of the diamond within the diamond synthesis machine at a time subsequent to the time period. The processor detects a predicted defect, a number of defects, defect types, and/or sub-features of such defects and/or other characteristics (e.g., a predicted shape, size, and/or other properties of predicted contours for the diamond and/or pocket holder) of the predicted state of the diamond. The processor adjusts operation of the diamond synthesis machine.

An apparatus for forming semiconductor films can include a horizontal flow reactor including an upper portion and a lower portion that are moveably coupled to one another so as to separate from one another in an open position and so as to mate together in a closed position to form a reactor chamber. A central injector column can penetrate through the upper portion of the horizontal flow reactor into the reactor chamber, the central injector column configured to allow metalorganic precursors into the reactor chamber in the closed position. A heated metalorganic precursor line can be coupled to the central injector column and configured to heat a low vapor pressure metalorganic precursor vapor contained in the heated metalorganic precursor line upstream of the central injector column to a temperature range between about 70° C. and 200° C.

A Metalorganic chemical vapor phase epitaxy or vapor phase deposition apparatus, having a first gas source system, a reactor, an exhaust gas system, and a control unit, wherein the first gas source system has a carrier gas source, a bubbler with an organometallic starting compound, and a first supply section leading to the reactor either directly or through a first control valve, the carrier gas source is connected to an inlet of the bubbler through a first mass flow controller by a second supply section, an outlet of the bubbler is connected to the first supply section, and the carrier gas source is connected to the first supply section through a second mass flow controller by a third supply section, the first supply section is connected to an inlet of the reactor through a third mass flow controller.

Provided are a bearing system and a power control method for a bearing device. The bearing system comprises a susceptor; a rotating shaft fixed under the susceptor, where the rotating shaft and the susceptor rotate synchronously; a heating wire located under the susceptor, where the heating wire comprises n heating wire units arranged in a circumferential direction of the susceptor, n≥2, and temperature of each of the heating wire units is independently controlled; and a power controller configured to: during rotation of the susceptor, control at least one of: a power of a heating wire unit directly under a down end of the susceptor to be less than a power of each of other heating wire units, or a power of a heating wire unit directly under an up end of the susceptor to be greater than a power of each of other heating wire units.

Provided are a bearing system and a power control method for a bearing device. The bearing system comprises a susceptor; a rotating shaft fixed under the susceptor, where the rotating shaft and the susceptor rotate synchronously; a heating wire located under the susceptor, where the heating wire comprises n heating wire units arranged in a circumferential direction of the susceptor, n≥2, and temperature of each of the heating wire units is independently controlled; and a power controller configured to: during rotation of the susceptor, control at least one of: a power of a heating wire unit directly under a down end of the susceptor to be less than a power of each of other heating wire units, or a power of a heating wire unit directly under an up end of the susceptor to be greater than a power of each of other heating wire units.

The device (420) is for supporting substrates in a reaction chamber of an epitaxial reactor; it comprises: a disc-shaped element (422) having a first face (422A) adapted to be upperly positioned when the device (420) is being used and a second face (422B) adapted to be lowerly positioned when the device (420) is being used, said disc-shaped element (422) being adapted to receive a gas flow (F) to rotate the device (420) about an axis (X) thereof, a substrate-supporting element (424) in a single piece with said disc-shaped element (422) and preferably adjacent to said first face (422A), and a shaft (426) coaxial to said disc-shaped element (422), in a single piece with said disc-shaped element (422) and having a first end (426A) at said second face (422B); said shaft (426) has at a second end (426 B) thereof at least a protrusion (428 A, 428B, 428C) whose rotation is adapted to be detected by a pyrometer (430) or a thermographic camera.