The present invention relates, in general, to systems and methods for generating hydrogen from ammonia on-board vehicles, where the produced hydrogen is used as fuel source for an internal combustion engine. The present invention utilizes an electric catalyst unit to initiate an ammonia cracking process on-board during a cold start of the internal combustion engine, where a heat exchange catalyst unit is utilized once exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine has been heated to a threshold temperature suitable to perform the ammonia cracking process.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for processing ammonia. A heater may heat reformers, where the reformers comprise ammonia (NH.sub.3) reforming catalysts in thermal communication with the heater. NH.sub.3 may be directed to the reformers from storage tanks, and the NH.sub.3 may be decomposed to generate a reformate stream comprising hydrogen (H.sub.2) and nitrogen (N.sub.2). At least part of the reformate stream can be used to heat reformers. Additionally, the reformate stream can be directed to a hydrogen processing module such as a fuel cell.

Provided is a transportation device which is capable of continuously travelling without being supplied with hydrogen from the outside. According to the present invention, a transportation device is provided with an ammonia storage means, a hydrogen production device, a fuel cell, a motor, a battery and a control unit. The hydrogen production device produces hydrogen by decomposing ammonia; and the fuel cell is supplied with hydrogen from the hydrogen production device and generates electric power. The motor operates by being supplied with some or all of the electric power generated by the fuel cell. The battery is supplied with some or all of the electric power generated by the fuel cell, and supplies electric power to the motor and the hydrogen production device.

Systems for abatement of pollutants in an exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine including a hydrogen injection article configured to introduce hydrogen upstream of a catalytic article are effective for the abatement of carbon monoxide and/or hydrocarbons and/or nitrogen oxides. The introduction of hydrogen may be intermittent and/or during a cold-start period.

A reactor system for carrying out an endothermic reaction of a feed gas, including: a structured catalyst arranged for catalyzing the endothermic reaction of a feed gas, the structured catalyst including a macroscopic structure of electrically conductive material, the macroscopic structure supporting a ceramic coating, wherein the ceramic coating supports a catalytically active material; a pressure shell housing the structured catalyst; heat insulation layer between the structured catalyst and the pressure shell; at least two conductors electrically connected to the electrically conductive material and to an electrical power supply placed outside the pressure shell, wherein the electrical power supply is dimensioned to heat at least part of said structured catalyst to a temperature of at least 200° C. by passing an electrical current through the electrically conductive material. Also, a process for performing an endothermic reaction of a feed gas.

A process of dissociating ammonia into a dissociated hydrogen/nitrogen stream in catalyst tubes within a radiant tube furnace and an adiabatic or isothermal unit containing catalyst, along with downstream purification process units to purify the dissociated hydrogen/nitrogen stream into high purity hydrogen product.

An on-board vehicle reservoir containing an ammonia/organic solvent solution may be associated with a phase separator configured to isolate ammonia from the solution. The ammonia may be introduced into an exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine to function as a catalytic reductant. Ammonia may be employed to generate hydrogen via catalytic decomposition of ammonia, and the hydrogen may be introduced into an exhaust gas stream to aid catalytic reactions such as catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) and/or hydrocarbon (HC) and/or reduction of nitrogen oxides (NO); for instance during a cold-start period.

Systems and methods for hydrogen generation via ammonia decomposition that utilize a fixed bed reactor configured to receive inflows of NH.sub.3 and oxidant and to produce an outflow of high purity H.sub.2. The fixed bed reactor contains a fixed bed of a NH.sub.3 decomposition catalyst wherewith the NH.sub.3 decomposes to form N.sub.2 and H.sub.2; a plurality of ceramic hollows fibers with a high surface to volume ratio disposed in the fixed bed, the hollow fibers having an H.sub.2 selective membrane disposed thereon for extracting H.sub.2 from N.sub.2 and to form a permeate of the high purity H.sub.2 and a retentate of primarily N.sub.2; and a catalytic H.sub.2 burner also disposed in the fixed bed, the catalytic H.sub.2 burner for burning a portion of the H.sub.2 with the oxidant to provide thermal energy for the NH.sub.3 decomposition.

(EN) The present invention relates to the field of high efficiency and high flow hydrogen generation and purification from a hydrogen tank provided in the form of ammonia (NH3). In particular, the present invention describes in particular an innovative and compact system for the dissociation of ammonia and therefore the production of molecular hydrogen (H2), all in a cycle totally free of carbon (hence carbon emissions), as well as by the generation of nitrogen oxide and nitric dioxide (NOx).

The community system includes a hydrogen source, a hydrogen storage, an FC power generating facility, a house group that uses hydrogen supplied from at least one of the hydrogen source and the hydrogen storage, and a management system that manages hydrogen in the community system. The management system manages hydrogen possession allocated to each house in the house group.