The disclosure relates to systems and methods to produce hydrogen (H.sub.2) gas from hydrogen sulfide (H.sub.2S). H.sub.2S is contacted with a catalyst to form H.sub.2 gas and sulfur adsorbed to the catalyst. The adsorbed sulfur is contacted with oxygen (O.sub.2) gas to convert the adsorbed sulfur to sulfur dioxide (SO.sub.2) and regenerate the catalyst

Operating a natural gas (NG) processing plant, including receiving feed natural gas and processing the feed natural gas to give product natural gas. The processing includes removing acid gas, water, and non-methane hydrocarbons from the feed natural gas. In the NG processing plant, fuel is provided to a furnace and combusted in the furnace to heat a boiler and an HRSG to generate HP steam that drives a turbine to generate electricity and convert the HP steam to LP steam. Excess LP steam in the NG processing plant is subjected to electrolysis, thereby generating hydrogen gas, and the hydrogen gas combined with the fuel for combustion in the furnace.

A system includes a first chamber, a second chamber, an ultraviolet light source and a microwave source. The first chamber includes an inlet. The second chamber is adjacent the first chamber and includes an outlet and a waveguide. The ultraviolet light source resides within the waveguide of the second chamber. Related apparatus, systems, techniques and articles are also described.

A feed stream is heated to a preheat temperature. The feed stream includes hydrogen sulfide. After heating the feed stream, at least a portion of the hydrogen sulfide in the feed stream is converted into hydrogen and sulfur to form a mixed product stream. The mixed product stream includes the hydrogen, the sulfur, and a remaining, unconverted portion of the hydrogen sulfide. The preheat temperature is a temperature that is sufficiently hot to maintain a desired reaction temperature while converting at least the portion of the hydrogen sulfide in the feed stream into hydrogen and sulfur. At least a portion of the mixed product stream is cooled to condense the sulfur to form a sulfur stream. The sulfur stream includes the sulfur that has condensed from the portion of the mixed product stream.

A feed stream is flowed to a catalytic reactor. The catalytic reactor includes a non-thermal plasma and a catalyst. The feed stream includes hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. The feed stream is contacted with the catalyst in the presence of the non-thermal plasma at a reaction temperature, thereby converting the hydrogen sulfide and the carbon dioxide in the feed stream to produce a product. The product includes a hydrocarbon and sulfur. The product is separated into a product stream and a sulfur stream. The product stream includes the hydrocarbon from the product. The sulfur stream includes the sulfur from the product.

Disclosed is a process for the concurrent production of hydrogen and sulphur from a H.sub.2S-containing gas stream, with reduced, and preferably zero, emissions. The method comprises the catalytic oxidative cracking of H.sub.2S so as to form H.sub.2 and S.sub.2. Preferably, the oxidation is conducted using oxygen-enriched air, preferably pure oxygen. The process is conducted in a reaction chamber comprising a bifunctional catalyst material, so as to favor both the partial oxidation of H.sub.2S and the dissociation thereof.

Disclosed is a catalyst suitable for the catalytic oxidative cracking of a H.sub.2S-containing gas stream, particularly in the event that the stream also contains methane and/or ammonia. The catalyst comprises iron and molybdenum supported by a carrier comprising aluminum. The carrier preferably is alumina. The iron and molybdenum preferably are in the form of sulphides. Also disclosed is a method for the production of hydrogen from a H.sub.2S-containing gas stream, comprising subjecting the gas stream to catalytic oxidative cracking so as to form H.sub.2 and S.sub.2, using a catalyst in accordance with any one of the preceding claims.

Sulfur species may be processed using an ionic liquid, a deep eutectic solvent, or a combination of both. An example of a method of such processing may include: supplying a first reaction medium including an iodine species and a first catalyst, wherein the first catalyst includes a first deep eutectic solvent, a first ionic liquid, or a first mixture of both; contacting the reaction medium with a first sulfur species, wherein the first sulfur species includes hydrogen sulfide, a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon, or any combination thereof; and reacting the first sulfur species with the reaction medium to produce a second sulfur species, hydrogen iodide, or a combination thereof.

Disclosed is a catalyst suitable for the catalytic oxidative cracking of a H.sub.2S-containing gas stream, particularly in the event that the stream also contains methane and/or ammonia. The catalyst comprises iron and molybdenum supported by a carrier comprising aluminium. The carrier preferably is alumina. The iron and molybdenum preferably are in the form of sulphides. Also disclosed is a method for the production of hydrogen from a H.sub.2S-containing gas stream, comprising subjecting the gas stream to catalytic oxidative cracking so as to form H.sub.2 and S.sub.2, using a catalyst in accordance with any one of the preceding claims.

Disclosed is a catalyst suitable for the catalytic oxidative cracking of a H.sub.2S-containing gas stream, particularly in the event that the stream also contains methane and/or ammonia. The catalyst comprises iron and molybdenum supported by a carrier comprising aluminum. The carrier preferably is alumina. The iron and molybdenum preferably are in the form of sulphides. Also disclosed is a method for the production of hydrogen from a H.sub.2S-containing gas stream, comprising subjecting the gas stream to catalytic oxidative cracking so as to form H.sub.2 and S.sub.2, using a catalyst in accordance with any one of the preceding claims.