The present disclosure relates to a carbon-based nanomaterial composition that may be formed from a gas mixture and a sodium powder. The gas mixture may include a carbon-based gas, an oxygen gas, and a hydrogen gas. The carbon-based nanomaterial composition may include sodium doped nanospheres.

The present disclosure relates to a carbon-based nanomaterial composition that may be formed from a gas mixture and a sodium powder. The gas mixture may include a carbon-based gas, an oxygen gas, and a hydrogen gas. The carbon-based nanomaterial composition may include sodium doped nanospheres.

An apparatus to decompose a hydrocarbon reactant into a gaseous product and a solid product includes a reactor volume, a reservoir of liquid material, a plurality of nozzles connected to the reservoir of liquid material, the plurality of nozzles configured to distribute the liquid material into the reactor volume from the reservoir as a liquid mist, a gas inlet connected to a hydrocarbon gas source to receive hydrocarbon gas reactant, a distributor connected to the inlet to distribute the hydrocarbon gas reactant into the reactor volume, a heat source located adjacent the reactor volume configured to heat the reactor volume, a separator to separate the solid product from the liquid material, a re-circulation path connected between the reactor volume and the reservoir to re-circulate the liquid material from the reactor volume to the reservoir, a gas outlet connected to the reactor volume configured to outlet hydrogen gas from the reactor volume, and at least one filter connected to the gas outlet to remove entrained solid product from the hydrogen gas.

A method to decompose a hydrocarbon reactant into a gaseous product and a solid product includes generating a mist of a liquid material within a reactor volume, heating the reactor volume, introducing a hydrocarbon reactant into the reactor volume to produce a solid product and a gaseous product, separating the solid product from the liquid material, removing the solid product and gaseous product from the reactor volume, and recirculating the liquid material be re-introduced to the reactor volume.

A method of producing advanced carbon materials can include providing coal to a processing facility, beneficiating the coal to remove impurities from the coal, processing the beneficiated coal to produce a pitch, and treating the pitch to produce an advanced carbon material such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon fibers, polymers, biomaterials, or other carbon materials.

A method of producing advanced carbon materials can include providing coal to a processing facility, beneficiating the coal to remove impurities from the coal, processing the beneficiated coal to produce a pitch, and treating the pitch to produce an advanced carbon material such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon fibers, polymers, biomaterials, or other carbon materials.

A process for the separation of electrolyte from the carbon in a solid carbon/electrolyte cathode product formed at the cathode during molten carbonate electrolysis. The processes allows for easy separation of the solid carbon product from the electrolyte without any observed detrimental effect on the structure and/or stability of the resulting solid carbon nanomaterial.

The present disclosure relates to a two-dimensional polymeric fullerene and preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method includes the following steps: providing metal intercalated polymeric fullerene; replacing metal ions in the metal intercalated polymeric fullerene with quaternary ammonium salts. The preparation method of the two-dimensional polymeric fullerene of an embodiment of the present application has simple process and low cost, which can achieve large-scale preparation of two-dimensional polymeric fullerene.

The present disclosure relates to a two-dimensional polymeric fullerene and preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method includes the following steps: providing metal intercalated polymeric fullerene; replacing metal ions in the metal intercalated polymeric fullerene with quaternary ammonium salts. The preparation method of the two-dimensional polymeric fullerene of an embodiment of the present application has simple process and low cost, which can achieve large-scale preparation of two-dimensional polymeric fullerene.

The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and apparatus for producing a carbon nanomaterial product (CNM) product that may comprise carbon nanotubes and various other allotropes of nanocarbon. The method and apparatus employ a consumable carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) and a renewable carbonate electrolyte as reactants in an electrolysis reaction in order to make CNTs. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, operational conditions of the electrolysis reaction may be varied in order to produce the CNM product with a greater incidence of a desired allotrope of nanocarbon or a desired combination of two or more allotropes.