Provided is a fibrous carbon nanostructure that is easy to surface modify. A symmetry factor of a peak of a first derivative curve of a thermogravimetric curve obtained through thermogravimetric analysis of the fibrous carbon nanostructure in a dry air atmosphere is 3.70 or less. The first derivative curve of the thermogravimetric curve can be a temperature derivative curve of the thermogravimetric curve or a time derivative curve of the thermogravimetric curve.

A consumer product having a sensor for controlling the operation of the consumer product, a system and method including the consumer product and a sensor are provided. The system and method including a central communication unit capable of receiving incoming signals and sending outgoing instructions from the consumer product and sensor. The central communication unit communicably connected with a memory configured to store an algorithm. The sensor has a cross-linked carbon nanotube network comprising: a plurality of carbon nanotubes; and at least one linker that covalently links adjacent carbon nanotubes. The algorithm controls the consumer product based on incoming signals sent from the sensor to the central communication unit.

Some embodiments provide methods and systems for creating ladder/standards as quality control tools for length-based separation of carbon nanotubes; determining the length purity; or measuring distribution of lengths of a collection of carbon nanotubes. Some embodiments further provide methods and systems for dispersing carbon nanotubes by conjugation of the carbon nanotubes with biomolecule moieties, specifically proteins. Further, some embodiments provide an indicator for length-based separation of carbon nanotubes via conjugation of one or more biomolecules onto the surfaces of the nanotubes. In some embodiments, such a method can include conjugating a biomolecule to the carbon nanotubes and subjecting the conjugated carbon nanotubes to silver-stained gel electrophoresis to separate the conjugated carbon nanotubes based on their lengths.

Some embodiments provide methods and systems for creating ladder/standards as quality control tools for length-based separation of carbon nanotubes; determining the length purity; or measuring distribution of lengths of a collection of carbon nanotubes. Some embodiments further provide methods and systems for dispersing carbon nanotubes by conjugation of the carbon nanotubes with biomolecule moieties, specifically proteins. Further, some embodiments provide an indicator for length-based separation of carbon nanotubes via conjugation of one or more biomolecules onto the surfaces of the nanotubes. In some embodiments, such a method can include conjugating a biomolecule to the carbon nanotubes and subjecting the conjugated carbon nanotubes to silver-stained gel electrophoresis to separate the conjugated carbon nanotubes based on their lengths.

Provided is a production method of a carbon sheet having a structure intertwining only carbon nanotubes and having a porosity of 5% to 90%. The method comprises: removing a solvent from a dispersion liquid containing carbon nanotubes, spacer particles, and the solvent to obtain a primary sheet containing the carbon nanotubes and the spacer particles; and removing the spacer particles from the primary sheet. Alternatively, the method comprises: impregnating a porous substrate made from carbon with a dispersion liquid containing carbon nanotubes and a solvent, to obtain a dispersion liquid-impregnated porous substrate; and removing the solvent from the dispersion liquid-impregnated porous substrate. Alternatively, the method comprises: dispersing carbon nanotubes in a solvent to obtain a dispersion liquid, wherein an average bundle diameter of the carbon nanotubes in the dispersion liquid is 0.5 μm or more and 1,000 μm or less; and removing the solvent from the dispersion liquid.

Provided is a production method of a carbon sheet having a structure intertwining only carbon nanotubes and having a porosity of 5% to 90%. The method comprises: removing a solvent from a dispersion liquid containing carbon nanotubes, spacer particles, and the solvent to obtain a primary sheet containing the carbon nanotubes and the spacer particles; and removing the spacer particles from the primary sheet. Alternatively, the method comprises: impregnating a porous substrate made from carbon with a dispersion liquid containing carbon nanotubes and a solvent, to obtain a dispersion liquid-impregnated porous substrate; and removing the solvent from the dispersion liquid-impregnated porous substrate. Alternatively, the method comprises: dispersing carbon nanotubes in a solvent to obtain a dispersion liquid, wherein an average bundle diameter of the carbon nanotubes in the dispersion liquid is 0.5 μm or more and 1,000 μm or less; and removing the solvent from the dispersion liquid.

Provided is a technique related to oxidized CNTs having excellent dispersion stability and dispersibility in water. The oxidized CNTs include oxidized single-walled CNTs, have a ratio of the oxidized single-walled CNTs relative to the total number of oxidized CNTs of more than 50%, and have a D′ band in a Raman spectrum.

Provided is a technique related to oxidized CNTs having excellent dispersion stability and dispersibility in water. The oxidized CNTs include oxidized single-walled CNTs, have a ratio of the oxidized single-walled CNTs relative to the total number of oxidized CNTs of more than 50%, and have a D′ band in a Raman spectrum.

Methods of making single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) including a single step for preparing a homogeneous dispersion of SWNTs in a battery electrode powder. The method may comprise providing a reactor in fluid communication with a mixer, wherein an aerosol containing SWNTs is transmitted from the reactor directly to the mixer containing a battery electrode powder.

Methods of making single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) including a single step for preparing a homogeneous dispersion of SWNTs in a battery electrode powder. The method may comprise providing a reactor in fluid communication with a mixer, wherein an aerosol containing SWNTs is transmitted from the reactor directly to the mixer containing a battery electrode powder.