A method of producing advanced carbon materials can include providing coal to a processing facility, beneficiating the coal to remove impurities from the coal, processing the beneficiated coal to produce a pitch, and treating the pitch to produce an advanced carbon material such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphene, resins, polymers, biomaterials, or other carbon materials.

A magnet module used for producing a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid, comprising: a pipe portion having a first opening connected to a shearing module, and a second opening at both ends; and a magnet disposed in the pipe portion, wherein a medium liquid containing the carbon nanotube defibrated by the shearing module is supplied through the first opening, and after a ferromagnetic impurity attached to the carbon nanotube is attracted to the magnet and removed, the medium liquid is discharged from the second opening.

Systems and methods are provided for production of carbon nanotubes and H.sub.2 using a reaction system configuration that is suitable for large scale production. In the reaction system, a substantial portion of the heat for the reaction can be provided by using a heated gas stream. Optionally, the heated gas stream can correspond to a heated H.sub.2 gas stream. By using a heated gas stream, when the catalyst precursors for the floating catalyst-chemical vapor deposition (FC-CVD) type catalyst are added to the gas stream, the gas stream can be at a temperature of 1000° C. or more. This can reduce or minimize loss of catalyst precursor material and/or deposition of coke on sidewalls of the reactor. Additionally, a downstream portion of the reactor can include a plurality of flow channels of reduced size that are passed through a heat exchanger environment, such as a shell and tube heat exchanger. This can provide cooling of the gas flow after catalyst formation to allow for carbon nanotube formation, while also reducing the Reynolds number of the flow sufficiently to provide laminar flow within the region where carbon nanotubes are formed.

A preparation process of atomically precise nine-nuclear silver nanoclusters (Ag.sub.9-NCs) fluorescent nanotube and its application in the detection of arginine (Arg), the fluorescent nanotube is formed by supramolecular self-assembly of Ag.sub.9-NCs and peptide (DD-5); the fluorescent nanotube prepared by the present invention has good luminescence performance due to its highly ordered structure, the quantum yield is 8.11%, and the fluorescence lifetime is 6.10 μs; after adding Arg, the highly ordered structure is destroyed, resulting in fluorescent quenching; the preparation method of the Ag.sub.9-NCs fluorescent nanotube of this invention is simple, the cost is low; at the same time, the detection method is fast and easy to observe.

A preparation process of atomically precise nine-nuclear silver nanoclusters (Ag.sub.9-NCs) fluorescent nanotube and its application in the detection of arginine (Arg), the fluorescent nanotube is formed by supramolecular self-assembly of Ag.sub.9-NCs and peptide (DD-5); the fluorescent nanotube prepared by the present invention has good luminescence performance due to its highly ordered structure, the quantum yield is 8.11%, and the fluorescence lifetime is 6.10 μs; after adding Arg, the highly ordered structure is destroyed, resulting in fluorescent quenching; the preparation method of the Ag.sub.9-NCs fluorescent nanotube of this invention is simple, the cost is low; at the same time, the detection method is fast and easy to observe.

The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and apparatus for producing a carbon nanomaterial product (CNM) product that may comprise carbon nanotubes and various other allotropes of nanocarbon. The method and apparatus employ a consumable carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) and a renewable carbonate electrolyte as reactants in an electrolysis reaction in order to make CNTs. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, operational conditions of the electrolysis reaction may be varied in order to produce the CNM product with a greater incidence of a desired allotrope of nanocarbon or a desired combination of two or more allotropes.

Systems and methods for eliminating carbon dioxide and capturing solid carbon are disclosed. By eliminating carbon dioxide gas, e.g., from an effluent exhaust stream of a fossil fuel fired electric power production facility, the inventive concepts presented herein represent an environmentally-clean solution that permanently eliminates greenhouse gases while at the same time producing captured solid carbon products that are useful in various applications including advanced composite material synthesis (e.g., carbon fiber, 3D graphene) and energy storage (e.g., battery technology). Capture of solid carbon during the disclosed process for eliminating greenhouse gasses avoids the inefficiencies and risks associated with conventional carbon dioxide sequestration. Colocation of the disclosed reactor with a fossil fuel fired power production facility brings to bear an environmentally beneficial, and financially viable approach for permanently capturing vast amounts of solid carbon from carbon dioxide gas and other greenhouse gases that would otherwise be released into Earth's biosphere.

A system and process for producing doped carbon nanomaterials is disclosed. A carbonate electrolyte including a doping component is provided during the electrolysis between an anode and a cathode immersed in carbonate electrolyte contained in a cell. The carbonate electrolyte is heated to a molten state. An electrical current is applied to the anode, and cathode, to the molten carbonate electrolyte disposed between the anode and cathode. A morphology element maximizes carbon nanotubes, versus graphene versus carbon nano-onion versus hollow carbon nano-sphere nanomaterial product. The resulting carbon nanomaterial growth is collected from the cathode of the cell.

A system and process for producing doped carbon nanomaterials is disclosed. A carbonate electrolyte including a doping component is provided during the electrolysis between an anode and a cathode immersed in carbonate electrolyte contained in a cell. The carbonate electrolyte is heated to a molten state. An electrical current is applied to the anode, and cathode, to the molten carbonate electrolyte disposed between the anode and cathode. A morphology element maximizes carbon nanotubes, versus graphene versus carbon nano-onion versus hollow carbon nano-sphere nanomaterial product. The resulting carbon nanomaterial growth is collected from the cathode of the cell.

A reinforcement for increasing the strength and toughness and other properties in both transverse and in-piano directions for a composite material, and methods of manufacture therefor. The reinforcement has a layer of a nanoforest of vertical nanotubes or nanowires and a layer of horizontal nanotubes or nanowires. The reinforcement can be made by rolling a vertical nanoforest to produce a collapsed layer of horizontal nanofubes or nanowires, then growing a vertical nanoforest on the collapsed layer. The reinforcement can be grown directly on fibers which are used to reinforce the composite material, or alternatively Interleaved with layers of those fibers before the composite part is cured. The reinforcement and manufacturing method are compatible with almost any composite material in any shape, including epoxy, polymer, or ceramic matrix composites, or any manufacturing method, including prepreg, wet-layup and matrix film stacking. The present invention reduces scrap, rework, and repair hours for composites manufacturing.