Methods for producing a nanotextured surface on a substrate include forming nanoparticles from a precursor within a stream of a carrier gas. Methods include heating a surface of a substrate facing the carrier gas. Methods comprise delivering the nanoparticles to the surface of the substrate facing the carrier gas to produce the nanotextured surface.

Methods for producing a nanotextured surface on a substrate include forming nanoparticles from a precursor within a stream of a carrier gas. Methods include heating a surface of a substrate facing the carrier gas. Methods comprise delivering the nanoparticles to the surface of the substrate facing the carrier gas to produce the nanotextured surface.

There is provided a method of producing anionically modified colloidal silica capable of polishing a silicon nitride film at a high speed and suppressing a polishing speed of a silicon oxide film. A method of producing anionically modified colloidal silica includes ion exchanging raw colloidal silica using an ion exchange resin (ion exchange step); and anionically modifying ion-exchanged raw colloidal silica to obtain anionically modified colloidal silica (modification step).

There is provided a method of producing anionically modified colloidal silica capable of polishing a silicon nitride film at a high speed and suppressing a polishing speed of a silicon oxide film. A method of producing anionically modified colloidal silica includes ion exchanging raw colloidal silica using an ion exchange resin (ion exchange step); and anionically modifying ion-exchanged raw colloidal silica to obtain anionically modified colloidal silica (modification step).

Provided herein is a method of forming a bicontinuous intraphase jammed emulsion gel.

Provided herein is a method of forming a bicontinuous intraphase jammed emulsion gel.

The present invention refers to a stable sodium and iron silicate solution that has a weight ratio of SiO.sub.2 to Na.sub.2O from 1.5 to 2.5 and a total percentage of solids, expressed by the sum of SiO.sub.2 and Na.sub.2O, from 20% to 55%. Said solution also has a soluble iron content, expressed by Fe, from 0.1% to 7%, and a water content from 38% to 79.9%. The present invention also refers to the process for preparing said stable solution of sodium and iron silicate, which comprises the steps of: (a) providing a siliceous material containing iron; (b) submitting said siliceous material containing iron to a hydrothermal treatment with caustic soda under high temperature and controlled pressure; and (c) filtering said reacted solution to separate the reacted portion of the hydrothermal treatment from the unreacted portion. Additionally, the present invention refers to the uses of said stable sodium and iron silicate solution.

In various embodiments, novel methods of fabricating and/or packaging aerogels are provided.

In various embodiments, novel methods of fabricating and/or packaging aerogels are provided.

The technology includes consecutively pumping an active pack and a displacement fluid into the near-wellbore region of a formation. The active pack is an emulsion system. The displacement fluid is an aqueous solution of calcium chloride or potassium chloride to which 1-2 vol % of IVV-1 or ChAS-M brand water repellent is added. Technical results include greater efficiency of geological and engineering operations involved in the killing of oil and gas wells, high heat stability and aggregate stability of the emulsion system for killing wells, and also the possibility of adjusting the viscosity properties of the emulsion system according to the porosity and permeability characteristics and the geological and physical characteristics of the near-wellbore region of a formation.