The present invention relates to a process for selectively removing a first charged species from a plurality of charged species in solution, which process comprises: treating a solution with a functionalised polymer and a surfactant, wherein the solution comprises a plurality of charged species dissolved in a solvent, wherein the plurality of charged species comprises the first charged species and at least one further charged species which is different from the first charged species, and wherein the functionalised polymer comprises groups that bind preferentially to the first charged species.

Disclosed herein is a liquid pod comprising a liquid composition comprising at least two of a Solvent A, a Solvent B, an Active, a Modifier, and an Adjuvant, wherein the water treatment liquid composition is disposed within a packet comprising a water-soluble polymer film.

Provided are: a sludge dehydrating agent which can exert a steady dehydrating effect on various types of sludge and has excellent dehydration performance; and a sludge dehydration method using the sludge dehydrating agent. The sludge dehydrating agent of the present invention with a polymer which has a constituent unit derived from a cationic monomer, wherein a value k determined from an intrinsic viscosity [η] 1 [dL/g] of a 1-mol/L aqueous sodium nitrate solution of the polymer at 30° C. and an intrinsic viscosity [η] 0.01 [dL/g] of a 0.01-mol/L aqueous sodium nitrate solution of the polymer at 30° C. in accordance with formula (I) is 0.8 to 2.2 exclusive.

k=([η]0.01−[η]1)/9   (I)

Provided are: a sludge dehydrating agent which can exert a steady dehydrating effect on various types of sludge and has excellent dehydration performance; and a sludge dehydration method using the sludge dehydrating agent. The sludge dehydrating agent of the present invention with a polymer which has a constituent unit derived from a cationic monomer, wherein a value k determined from an intrinsic viscosity [η] 1 [dL/g] of a 1-mol/L aqueous sodium nitrate solution of the polymer at 30° C. and an intrinsic viscosity [η] 0.01 [dL/g] of a 0.01-mol/L aqueous sodium nitrate solution of the polymer at 30° C. in accordance with formula (I) is 0.8 to 2.2 exclusive.

k=([η]0.01−[η]1)/9   (I)

A method of water treatment includes providing water that includes at least one contaminant. An effective amount of at least one filter media is added to the to the water that includes at least one contaminant. The water and the at least one filter media are agitated to form a homogeneous mixture. A cationic biopolymer is added to the homogeneous mixture of water and the at least one filter media. The water is separated from the at least one contaminant and the at least one filter media.

The invention includes a system and method for delivery and storage of an absorbent for solidification of liquid waste. The system includes a plurality of nestable containers configured to receive aqueous liquid to be solidified and forming a packet safe space when nested one within another. The system also includes a plurality of packets at least partially soluble in the aqueous liquid to be solidified. The containers include at least one packet and each packet contains a solidifier for use as an absorbent composition for the aqueous liquid to be solidified. A packet may be housed within the containers inside a packet safe space. The invention also includes an improved system and method for packaging a solidifier for solidification of liquid medical wastes.

Nanoflocculants are provided that are comprised of nanoparticles of titanomagnetite having anionic surface moieties associated with electrostatically bound polymerized chains of cationic polyacrylamide, further comprising lauryl sulfate moieties adsorbed to the surface of nanoparticles of the titanomagnetite nanoparticles and/or adsorbed to the bound cationic polyacrylamide polymers. These nanoflocculants combine the dual functionalities of the polyacrylamide/lauryl sulfate moieties, as well as the surface activity of titanomagnetite nanomaterials. Process are provided for making and using the disclosed nanoflocculants, including uses for flocculating intimate aqueous dispersions of solids and bitumen.

Provided are nanonets comprising a) a surfactant aggregate having an average aggregate diameter; and b) a polymer having an average particle diameter which average particle diameter is the same or smaller than the average aggregate diameter, wherein the nanonet has a diameter larger than the average particle diameter. Also provided are kits therefor and methods for sequestering non-water moieties from aqueous solutions using nanonets.

Provided are nanonets comprising a) a surfactant aggregate having an average aggregate diameter; and b) a polymer having an average particle diameter which average particle diameter is the same or smaller than the average aggregate diameter, wherein the nanonet has a diameter larger than the average particle diameter. Also provided are kits therefor and methods for sequestering non-water moieties from aqueous solutions using nanonets.

The present embodiments generally relate to a technology for improving Cu/Mo grade by the addition of cationic polymers as selective depressants for acid insoluble matters, e.g., silicates and/or clays, in the flotation circuit. Various types of cationic polymers are demonstrated to be effective depressants including polyamine, polyDADMAC, and cationic polyacrylamide. Also disclosed are processes for enriching a desired mineral from an ore comprising the desired mineral and gangue, wherein the process comprises carrying out a flotation process in the presence of one or more cationic polymer depressants.