A common final clarifier is provided downstream of a two-stage or three-stage activated sludge (AS) system that includes: (A) one or more flow equalization basin (FEB) reactors and a nitritation reactor as the first AS stage, and an anammox reactor as the second AS stage, or (B) a carbonaceous biological oxygen demand (BOD) removal reactor and one or more FEBs as the first AS stage, a nitritation reactor as the second AS stage, and an anammox reactor as the third AS stage. A first return activated sludge (RAS) flow is conducted from the final clarifier to the first AS stage and a second segregated RAS flow is conducted to the second AS stage. Alternatively, a third segregated RAS flow is conducted to the third AS stage.

A waste water treatment system and method for use with a septic tank includes sequentially executing the steps of aerating waste water in the septic tank for a first period of time with an air diffuser, allowing the waste water to sediment for a second period of time, and pumping purified waste water out of the septic tank for a third period of time.

Disclosed is a reactor for treating, particularly by hydrothermal carbonization, sludge containing organic matter, including, with: a vessel (100) including an inner chamber arranged to receive the sludge and to form a path of travel for the sludge adapted to allow for circulation of the sludge, a sludge inlet (1) arranged to introduce the sludge into a sludge introduction area of the inner chamber, a sludge outlet (11) arranged to discharge at least part of the sludge contained in the inner chamber, and a steam inlet (3) arranged to inject steam in a steam injection zone of the inner chamber along a steam injection direction, the steam injection direction being different from a sludge circulation direction in the steam injection zone along the circulation path, the steam injection zone being separated from the sludge introduction zone.

The pulsating horizontal flow absorption bed comprises an array of permeable filtration elements enclosing filtering media. The array of permeable filtration elements includes a first upstream filtration element and a last downstream filtration element; a plateau of granular materiel under the array of filtration elements; an air-permeable layer above the array of filtration elements; a wastewater delivery pipe mounted in the first filtration element; and a pulsating device connected to the array of filtration elements for sequentially increasing and lowering a level of wastewater is the filtration elements. The filtering media in the filtration elements is sequentially exposed to wastewater and air. In another aspect, the filtration elements have permeable walls there between, and these walls are mounted parallel to the wastewater delivery pipe, such that resistance to flow increases through the array of filtration elements and such that treatment efficiency increases according to wastewater content.

The pulsating horizontal flow absorption bed comprises an array of permeable filtration elements enclosing filtering media. The array of permeable filtration elements includes a first upstream filtration element and a last downstream filtration element; a plateau of granular materiel under the array of filtration elements; an air-permeable layer above the array of filtration elements; a wastewater delivery pipe mounted in the first filtration element; and a pulsating device connected to the array of filtration elements for sequentially increasing and lowering a level of wastewater is the filtration elements. The filtering media in the filtration elements is sequentially exposed to wastewater and air. In another aspect, the filtration elements have permeable walls there between, and these walls are mounted parallel to the wastewater delivery pipe, such that resistance to flow increases through the array of filtration elements and such that treatment efficiency increases according to wastewater content.

A method and an apparatus for biological wastewater treatment that includes a biological selector and a physical selector. The apparatus comprises an internal biological reactor where wastewater and recycled biomass are combined to provide a high substrate and high electron acceptor gradient for generating morphological biomass features that favor granule formation over floc and filament formation, and an external gravimetric or external screen selector operating on the biomass waste stream for collecting and retaining densified biomass aggregates including dense granule selection and for wasting lighter filaments and flocs. In the method and apparatus, particles may be added to provide cores to promote the formation of aggregates encapsulating the seeded particles. The particles may be added as various materials, for example, in the bioreactor, to initiate or seed the formation of a granule, that could then be separated by or integrated with either the external gravimetric or external screen selector. Further, organisms may be selected for biological phosphorus removal, denitrifying methane oxidizers, biological sulfur or sulfide oxidation, methanogenesis.

A common final clarifier is provided downstream of a two-stage activated sludge (AS) system that includes a flow equalization basin (FEB) reactor and a nitritation reactor as the first AS stage and an anammox reactor as the second AS stage. A first return activated sludge (RAS) flow is conducted from the final clarifier to the first AS stage with a low flow rate and a second segregated RAS flow is conducted to the second AS stage with a high flow rate. The FEB reactor is operated as an anoxic reactor to achieve carbonaceous BOD removal; conversion of organic nitrogen to ammonia nitrogen; and, denitrification of recycled nitrite or nitrate nitrogen. The nitritation reactor is operated as an aerobic reactor to achieve oxidation of ammonia nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen by biological nitritation. The anammox reactor is operated at zero or very low dissolved oxygen concentration to achieve nitrogen removal by deammonification.

A machine and process for providing a gas liquid mixture are described. The process can include providing a pressurized fluid stream; and subjecting the fluid stream to a series of alternating flow regions that include a plurality of laminar flow regions and turbulent flow regions. The machine can include a flow path from a pressure vessel to an ejection point, where the flow path includes a plurality of alternating flow characteristic regions.

The present invention provides Biological Double efficiency Product (BDP) sewage denitrogenation treatment systems and methods.

A device for treating wastewater liquids, the device comprising a housing (4) incorporating a membrane supported biofilm reactor (MSBR) (2) of the type comprising a lumen containing a gas phase, a liquid phase, and a gas permeable membrane (20) providing an interface between the gas and liquid phases; and a means (6) for mixing the wastewater liquids in the device, wherein the means (6) for mixing the wastewater liquids is configured to create a mixing intensity sufficient to ensure that there is contact between the membrane (20) and the wastewater liquid to be treated.