A water hardness controlling agent includes a polyacrylic acid or salt thereof having a molecular weight of between about 1,000 and about 50,000 g/mol, an acrylic-maleic acid copolymer or salt thereof having a molecular weight of between about 1,000 and about 100,000 g/mol and a phosphonocarboxylic acid or salt thereof. A ratio of acrylic-maleic acid copolymer or salt thereof to polyacrylic acid or salt thereof to phosphonocarboxylic acid or salt thereof in parts per million is about 1-30:10-80:6-20.

A method for inhibiting scale including inorganic cations, and an economically operable geothermal power generating device which can inhibit deposition of scale. The geothermal power generating device includes: an inorganic cation concentration measuring device for measuring the concentration of bivalent or more inorganic cations in geothermal water collected from a production well; a flowmeter for measuring the flow rate of the geothermal water collected from the production well; a heat removal unit for lowering the temperature of the geothermal water; a thermometer for measuring the temperature of the geothermal water after removing heat; a pH measuring device for measuring the pH of the geothermal water after removing heat; a calculation processing unit for calculating the additive amount of a scale inhibitor; and a control unit for adding the scale inhibitor to the geothermal water by the amount calculated by the calculation processing unit.

A secure automated water treatment trailer and method of inserting chemical in a pipeline, the trailer having a frame with at least one axle and a tongue, a base, a plurality of connected walls, a weather proof top engaging each of the plurality of connected walls opposite the base forming an enclosure, a pair of locking doors, a plurality of discharge ports, a plurality of suction ports, a charging port, a skid, a plurality of a controller in communication with each of the pumps and a network, a plurality of pressure gauges, a generator, a plurality of valves, and a plurality of back pressure valves. The secure automated water treatment trailer automatically processes multiple fluids simultaneously into the pipeline. Each fluid has fluid characteristics and a specific gravity.

The present disclosure provides an improved scale inhibiting formulation that is effective, environmentally friendly, and does not add any organic compounds or traditional polymeric compounds to treated water. The scale inhibiting composition includes molecular clusters of polyammonium bisulfate (PABS), which can interact physically, chemically, or physio-chemically with one or more ions in the water or water-containing system being treated. That interaction inhibits scale accretion and/or removes previously formed scale.

Treatment chemicals (for example, scale inhibition chemicals) can be applied to fluids in a pipeline by diverting a side stream of the produced water from a pipeline into a vessel containing a solid material to release of an active fluid treatment agent from the solid material into the diverted produced water; merging the diverted produced fluid containing the active fluid treatment agent into the pipeline; and adjusting a flow rate of the diverted side stream of the produced water to change a level of the active fluid treatment agent in the flow of produced water in the pipeline. Treatment systems can include a pipeline, a vessel containing a solid treatment material; a bypass line providing a fluid connection between the pipeline and an inlet of the vessel; and a return line providing a fluid connection between an outlet of the vessel and the pipeline.

A composition and method of inhibiting corrosion, white rust, and scale formation on components in a water system. The composition preferably comprises an amino-acid based polymer (most preferably a polyaspartic acid or a salt thereof), hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid, and a second phosphonic acid (preferably a phosphonocarboxylic acid), and does not require the use of regulated metals. The composition is effective even in the presence of biocides. A preferred method of inhibiting white rust comprises adding an amino-acid based polymer or hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid or both to the water system. A preferred method of inhibiting corrosion, white rust, and scale formation comprises adding an amino-acid based polymer, hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid, and a phosphonocarboxylic acid to the water system. Preferably the active concentrations are at least 3 ppm each of the amino-acid based polymer and hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid when added to a volume of water in the water system.

A composition and method of inhibiting corrosion, white rust, and scale formation on components in a water system. The composition preferably comprises an amino-acid based polymer (most preferably a polyaspartic acid or a salt thereof), hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid, and a second phosphonic acid (preferably a phosphonocarboxylic acid), and does not require the use of regulated metals. The composition is effective even in the presence of biocides. A preferred method of inhibiting white rust comprises adding an amino-acid based polymer or hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid or both to the water system. A preferred method of inhibiting corrosion, white rust, and scale formation comprises adding an amino-acid based polymer, hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid, and a phosphonocarboxylic acid to the water system. Preferably the active concentrations are at least 3 ppm each of the amino-acid based polymer and hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid when added to a volume of water in the water system.

A composition and method of inhibiting corrosion and white rust on metal components in a water system. The composition preferably comprises an amino-acid based polymer (most preferably a polyaspartic acid or a salt thereof), hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid, and a second phosphonic acid (preferably a phosphonocarboxylic acid), and does not require the use of regulated metals. The composition is effective even in the presence of biocides. A preferred method of inhibiting white rust comprises adding an amino-acid based polymer or hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid or both to the water system. A preferred method of inhibiting corrosion or white rust comprises adding an amino-acid based polymer, hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid, and a phosphonocarboxylic acid to the water system. Preferably the active concentrations are at least 3 ppm each of the amino-acid based polymer and hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid when added to a volume of water in the water system.

A composition and method of inhibiting corrosion and white rust on metal components in a water system. The composition preferably comprises an amino-acid based polymer (most preferably a polyaspartic acid or a salt thereof), hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid, and a second phosphonic acid (preferably a phosphonocarboxylic acid), and does not require the use of regulated metals. The composition is effective even in the presence of biocides. A preferred method of inhibiting white rust comprises adding an amino-acid based polymer or hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid or both to the water system. A preferred method of inhibiting corrosion or white rust comprises adding an amino-acid based polymer, hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid, and a phosphonocarboxylic acid to the water system. Preferably the active concentrations are at least 3 ppm each of the amino-acid based polymer and hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid when added to a volume of water in the water system.

The invention provides for the use of a copolymer, comprising a) 0.1 to 10 mol-%, based on the weight of the copolymer, of structural units derived from vinylphosphonic acid or of a salt thereof, b) 40 to 80 mol-%, based on the weight of the copolymer, of structural units derived from compounds of the formula (1)

##STR00001## c) 1 to 50 mol-%, based on the weight of the copolymer, of structural units derived from compounds of the formula (5)

##STR00002##  in which X is OH or NR.sup.3R.sup.4, and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, independently of one another, are H or C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl,
for the inhibition and/or dispersion of inorganic sulphide scales, and for a process for the inhibition and/or dispersion of inorganic sulphide scales, the process comprising adding to water being within an oil or gas containing formation said copolymer.