There is described a method and apparatus for dewatering or drying mature fine tailings (MFT) associated with oil sands mining operations using ultra-thin-layers, and more particularly a method and apparatus for continuously spreading ultra-thin-layers of MFT over a silica sand substrate and simultaneously harvesting the dried MFT, while at the same time pumping a supply of MFT from a central canal.

A method and apparatus for treating residuals or waste streams from a plant, such as a drinking water treatment plant. The method includes the steps of obtaining plant residuals or waste streams from a water treatment plant and irradiating the plant residuals or waste streams using microwave radiation from a microwave source. The method also includes the step of drying the plant residuals or waste streams to a predetermined moisture, volume, or weight content reduction and disposing of the same.

A product, including digestate, that has been pasteurized through thermal hydrolysis, thermal alkaline hydrolysis, or thermal carbonization is cured to enhance its marketability. Variations of this disclosure include embodiments where pasteurized material is inoculated to further enhance marketability where the inoculation is performed by injecting a fungicide, other means of inoculation by injecting beneficial microorganisms to produce characteristics in digestate that are anti-fungal or produce suitable enzyme cofactors or nutrients to stabilize digestate, injections of vitamins to enhance the ability of plants grown using select digestate to thrive in adverse conditions, injection of chemicals to enhance the ability of digestate to retain heat and prevent freezing during wintry conditions, or any combination thereof. Other embodiments include using recycled waste heat generated from wastewater treatment or another process or solar energy for accelerating the drying process which occurs before, during or after curing.

The present invention provides an apparatus 100 for drying a substance 190, the apparatus 100 comprising at least one roller 121 rotatable about a central axis; a first belt 112 having a first side 112 and a second side 112, the first side 112 of the first belt 112 adapted to receive the substance 190; and a plurality of heat induction elements 123 arranged to induce heat in the first belt 112 to heat the substance 190, where in operation, the first belt 112 urges via its first side 112, the substance 190 towards a portion of an exterior circumferential surface of the roller 121, and the substance 190 is heated to remove fluids from the substance 190.

A sludge recycling treatment system of an urban sewage plant includes solar sludge drying and sludge roasting and activated carbon manufacturing devices. The solar sludge drying device has a sealing box, flat plate conveyor belts, and a conveyor belt traction device. The sludge roasting and activated carbon manufacturing device has a rotary kiln and feeding, conveyor, discharging, and flue gas recycling apparatuses. The flat plate conveyor belts are stepped and concave-convex manufactured from stainless or anti-corrosion carbon steel. Sludge roasting and activated carbon manufacturing is implemented mainly by a rotary kiln to heat a rotary drum wall therein to heat materials. The kiln has automatic feeding and discharging apparatuses. Harmless treatment and resource utilization of urban sludge converts the sludge from waste to wealth, and fully utilizes solar energy to reduce energy consumption during sludge treatment. During production and operation, no reagent is needed, and no secondary pollution is caused.

A filter press system for water desalination may comprise: a frame; a plurality of filter plates configured to form a stack of parallel plates, each of filter plates being movably attached to the frame, the filter plates further being configured to form a multiplicity of chambers, each of the chambers being formed by adjacent filter plates, each of the chambers being lined by filter cloths and substantially filled with beads, wherein the plurality of filter plates, the multiplicity of chambers and the filter cloths are configured to allow water vapor to escape from the chambers while retaining salts from the water to form a filter cake; a heater, for heating the water in the chambers; a condenser for condensing the water vapor; and a separator for separating the beads from the filter cake after the filter cake is released from the chambers.

The present disclosure provides a treatment method for complete harmless treatment of activated sludge and complete resource utilization of activated sludge's products, belonging to the technical field of activated sludge treatment. The treatment method provided by the present disclosure comprises ultrasonic treatment, microwave treatment and/or vapor treatment, solid-liquid separation, microbial mineralization treatment, acidification treatment, and other steps. In the present disclosure, various steps are collaborative with one another, can successfully and completely convert activated sludge into organic fertilizers, ferrite materials, industrial silica sol and other products, thereby achieving the complete utilization of activated sludge. Furthermore, the obtained products have high quality, and all meet related quality standards. The present disclosure can solve the problems of complete resource utilization of activated sludge that cannot be achieved in the prior art, poor economic benefits, complicated process and the like, and is suitable for industrial development.

The present disclosure provides a treatment method for complete harmless treatment of activated sludge and complete resource utilization of activated sludge's products, belonging to the technical field of activated sludge treatment. The treatment method provided by the present disclosure comprises ultrasonic treatment, microwave treatment and/or vapor treatment, solid-liquid separation, microbial mineralization treatment, acidification treatment, and other steps. In the present disclosure, various steps are collaborative with one another, can successfully and completely convert activated sludge into organic fertilizers, ferrite materials, industrial silica sol and other products, thereby achieving the complete utilization of activated sludge. Furthermore, the obtained products have high quality, and all meet related quality standards. The present disclosure can solve the problems of complete resource utilization of activated sludge that cannot be achieved in the prior art, poor economic benefits, complicated process and the like, and is suitable for industrial development.

Processes of extracting mineral deposits in ore include treating a saline source, e.g., seawater, to reduce a concentration of one or more multivalent ions (e.g., Ca.sup.2+, Mg.sup.2+, SO.sub.4.sup.2) dissolved in the saline source by passing the seawater through one or more nanofilters to produce treated saline water while maintain a certain concentration of dissolved monovalent ions (e.g., (Na.sup.+, K.sup.+ and Cl.sup.) in the treated saline water. The treated saline water can be used in an operation to extract minerals from ore such as in a flotation operation to extract minerals from ore, or to consolidate tailings generated from an extraction of minerals from ore, or both.